Climate change is one of the key societal challenges of our times, and its debate takes place across scientific disciplines and into the public realm, traversing platforms, sources, and fields of study. The analysis of such mediated debates has a strong tradition, which started in communication science and has since then been applied across a wide range of academic disciplines.So-called ‘content analysis’ provides a means to study (mass) media content in many media shapes and formats to retrieve signs of the zeitgeist, such as cultural phenomena, representation of certain groups, and the resonance of political viewpoints. In the era of big data and digital culture, in which websites and social media platforms produce massive amounts of content and network this through hyperlinks and social media buttons, content analysis needs to become adaptive to the many ways in which digital platforms and engines handle content.This book introduces Networked Content Analysis as a digital research approach, which offers ways forward for students and researchers who want to work with digital methods and tools to study online content. Besides providing a thorough theoretical framework, the book demonstrates new tools and methods for research through case studies that study the climate change debate with search engines, Twitter, and the encyclopedia project of Wikipedia.
MULTIFILE
BACKGROUND: Prediction models and prognostic scores have been increasingly popular in both clinical practice and clinical research settings, for example to aid in risk-based decision making or control for confounding. In many medical fields, a large number of prognostic scores are available, but practitioners may find it difficult to choose between them due to lack of external validation as well as lack of comparisons between them.METHODS: Borrowing methodology from network meta-analysis, we describe an approach to Multiple Score Comparison meta-analysis (MSC) which permits concurrent external validation and comparisons of prognostic scores using individual patient data (IPD) arising from a large-scale international collaboration. We describe the challenges in adapting network meta-analysis to the MSC setting, for instance the need to explicitly include correlations between the scores on a cohort level, and how to deal with many multi-score studies. We propose first using IPD to make cohort-level aggregate discrimination or calibration scores, comparing all to a common comparator. Then, standard network meta-analysis techniques can be applied, taking care to consider correlation structures in cohorts with multiple scores. Transitivity, consistency and heterogeneity are also examined.RESULTS: We provide a clinical application, comparing prognostic scores for 3-year mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using data from a large-scale collaborative initiative. We focus on the discriminative properties of the prognostic scores. Our results show clear differences in performance, with ADO and eBODE showing higher discrimination with respect to mortality than other considered scores. The assumptions of transitivity and local and global consistency were not violated. Heterogeneity was small.CONCLUSIONS: We applied a network meta-analytic methodology to externally validate and concurrently compare the prognostic properties of clinical scores. Our large-scale external validation indicates that the scores with the best discriminative properties to predict 3 year mortality in patients with COPD are ADO and eBODE.
National forestry Commission (SBB) and National Park De Biesbosch. Subcontractor through NRITNational parks with large flows of visitors have to manage these flows carefully. Methods of data collection and analysis can be of help to support decision making. The case of the Biesbosch National Park is used to find innovative ways to figure flows of yachts, being the most important component of water traffic, and to create a model that allows the estimation of changes in yachting patterns resulting from policy measures. Recent policies oriented at building additional waterways, nature development areas and recreational concentrations in the park to manage the demands of recreation and nature conservation offer a good opportunity to apply this model. With a geographical information system (GIS), data obtained from aerial photographs and satellite images can be analyzed. The method of space syntax is used to determine and visualize characteristics of the network of leisure routes in the park and to evaluate impacts resulting from expected changes in the network that accompany the restructuring of waterways.
Industry 4.0 omvat de toenemende digitalisatie binnen bedrijven, resulterend in een inter-connectiviteit tussen mensen, objecten en systemen in real time. Dit resulteert in fundamentele veranderingen in de manier waarop mensen werken, beslissingen nemen en hun activiteiten managen. Deze nieuwe technologieën, zoals robotoplossingen beïnvloeden ook de manier waarop kennis wordt verworven, overgedragen en gebruikt en vragen om nieuwe managementpraktijken om het leren, de kennisdeling en zodoende het continu verbeteren te faciliteren (Lepore, et al., 2022). Dit onderzoek bouwt voort op bevindingen uit eerdere onderzoeken (RAAK Integraal Robotiseren). Waar eerder is gekeken naar succesfactoren voor het implementeren van de robot oplossing, wordt nu gekeken naar het continue verbeteren van de robotoplossing, met de focus op de impact van interne sociale relaties. De Social Network Analysis (SNA) zou kunnen helpen om de ontwikkeling en dynamiek van kennisdelingsrelaties tijdens robotiseringstrajecten in kaart te brengen en interventies te plannen, voor het verbeteren van dergelijke relaties. De uitkomst van dit onderzoek geeft het MKB een meetinstrument, waarmee een nulmeting kan worden gecreëerd. De nulmeting geeft inzicht hoe de inrichting van de interne kennisdelingsrelaties zijn opgebouwd. Met de interpretatie van de resultaten kan bepaald worden hoe effectief deze relaties zijn. Doelstelling van dit onderzoek is het ontwikkelen van een SNA meetinstrument waarmee inzicht gecreëerd wordt in het ontstaan van- en dynamiek binnen kennisdelingsrelaties. Met deze kennis kunnen Mkb’ers interventies uitvoeren om kritische kennis gerelateerd aan de robotoplossing bij de juiste personen te borgen.
