Forensisch sociale professionals hebben een cruciale rol in de trajecten van cliënten met verslavingsproblematiek. Veel onderzoek naar de effectiviteit van het forensische werk gaat over methodieken (‘what works’), er is relatief weinig bekend over de persoon van forensisch sociale professional en diens persoonlijke stijl en opvattingen (‘who works’). Wat zijn bijvoorbeeld opvattingen ten aanzien van (de behandelbaarheid van) middelenmisbruik van forensische cliënten en wanneer en hoe grijp je in als een cliënt terugvalt in middelengebruik? Hier is nog nauwelijks wetenschappelijk onderzoek naar verricht. Wel zijn er meerdere onderzoeken uitgevoerd onder (voornamelijk) medische professionals waaruit blijkt dat zij doorgaans vrij negatieve attitudes ten aanzien van (de behandelbaarheid van) verslaafden hebben. Deze attitudes hebben een negatieve invloed op de kwaliteit van de hulp die deze patiënten krijgen (o.a. minder tijd) en leiden bij hen tot meer onzekerheid en verminderde motivatie voor behandeling. Gedragsdeskundigen en professionals uit de verslavingszorg lijken positiever, hoewel gedegen onderzoek hiernaar beperkt is. Verder is er weinig bekend of er verschillen bestaan in attitudes tussen subgroepen, bijvoorbeeld mannen versus vrouwen, of minder versus meer ervaren professionals. Een relevante vraag is of professionals die specifiek met forensische cliënten met verslavingsproblematiek werken andere attitudes hebben dan professionals die meer in het algemeen met forensische cliënten werken. Ook naar de invloed van eigen middelengebruik of persoonlijke ervaringen met verslaving op attitudes ten aanzien van middelengebruik is weinig wetenschappelijk onderzoek verricht. Tot slot is er voor zover ons bekend geen onderzoek naar de invloed van attitudes op het handelen van professionals en trajecten van forensische cliënten.
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Forensisch sociale professionals hebben een cruciale rol in de trajecten van cliënten met verslavingsproblematiek. Veel onderzoek naar de effectiviteit van het forensische werk gaat over methodieken; er is relatief weinig bekend over de persoon van de forensisch sociale professional en diens persoonlijke stijl en opvattingen. Wat zijn bijvoorbeeld opvattingen ten aanzien van (de behandelbaarheid van) middelenmisbruik van forensische cliënten? Wanneer en hoe grijp je in als een cliënt terugvalt in middelengebruik? Hier is nog nauwelijks onderzoek naar verricht. In dit artikel presenteren wij de resultaten van een verkennend onderzoek naar de attitudes ten aanzien van cliënten die middelen gebruiken en behandelbaarheid van verslaving van reclasseringswerkers en professionals in de ambulante en klinische forensische zorg. Daarnaast wordt inzicht gegeven in de verschillen tussen subgroepen naar gender, werkervaring, setting, verslavingsprofessional of niet, en persoonlijke ervaringen met middelengebruik/verslaving. Vervolgens wordt ingegaan op de acties en overwegingen van forensisch sociale professionals bij het constateren van middelengebruik bij cliënten. Na de conclusies besluiten we met enkele aanbevelingen voor de versterking van de beroepspraktijk. Eerst worden de bevindingen uit eerdere literatuur beschreven.
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Self-harm is a growing health problem. Nurses in a variety of healthcare settings play a central role in the care of people who self-harm. Their professional attitudes towards these people are essential for high-quality care. This review aims to develop insight into nurses’ attitudes towards self-harm as they exist in contemporary nursing practice. A literature search was conducted in four databases, and a total of 15 relevant articles were found. This review indicates that negative attitudes towards self-harm are common among nurses. The influence of nurses’ age, gender and work experience remains unclear. Healthcare setting and qualification level appear to be influencing factors. Education can have a positive influence on nurses’ attitudes towards self-harm, especially when it includes reflective and interactive components. It is demonstrated in this review that a major change is needed regarding nurses’ attitudes. To realize this change, nurses need to be trained and educated adequately concerning self-harm. They need time and resources to build a therapeutic relationship with people who harm themselves so they can offer high-quality care for this vulnerable group.
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This research explores the attitudes of children from different socio-economic backgrounds towards cars. This paper explores their projected choices and motivations in the context of (1) post-materialist values; (2) economic constraints; and (3) social status theories; and draws upon survey research among 140 upper elementary school children in the Netherlands between September 2010 and January 2011. Comparative analysis shows that there are significant differences in attitudes of children from different socio-economic backgrounds. Pupils from the affluent predominantly ethnically Dutch schools showed greater awareness of and concern about their parents’ and general use of cars, and less desire to own a car in the future, children from less economically advantaged schools demonstrated lower environmental awareness and concern and more desire to own a car in the future. This study is based on a small sample and indicates a need for large-scale follow-up study of children's attitudes towards cars. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2012.07.010 https://www.linkedin.com/in/helenkopnina/
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AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To explore differences in nurses' attitudes regarding the importance of family in nursing care and factors associated with nurses' attitudes across 11 European countries.BACKGROUND: Family involvement in healthcare has received attention in many European healthcare systems. Nurses have a unique opportunity to promote family involvement in healthcare; however, their attitudes and beliefs may facilitate or impede this practice.DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey across European countries.METHOD: A broad convenience sample of 8112 nurses across 11 European countries was recruited from October 2017 to December 2019. Data were collected using the Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA) questionnaire. We used the STROBE checklist to report the results.RESULTS: There were significant differences in nurses' attitudes about families' importance in nursing care across Europe. Country was the factor with the strongest association with the total scores of the FINC-NA. Older age, higher level of education, increased years since graduation, having a strategy for the care of families in the workplace, and having experience of illness within one's own family were associated with a higher total FINC-NA score. Being male and working in a hospital or other clinical settings were associated with a lower total FINC-NA score.CONCLUSION: Nurses' attitudes regarding the importance of family in nursing care vary across 11 European countries. This study highlights multiple factors associated with nurses' attitudes. Further research is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the reasons for nurses' different attitudes and to develop a strong theoretical framework across Europe to support family involvement in patient care. The inclusion of family healthcare programs in the baccalaureate curriculum may improve nurses' attitudes.RELEVANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: In clinical practice, the focus should be on identifying influencing factors on nurses' attitudes to enhance families' importance in nursing care across Europe.
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The aim of this study is to investigate Dutch citizens’ care attitudes by looking at care-giving norms and citizens’ welfare state orientation and to explore to what extent these attitudes can be explained by combinations of diversity characteristics. We combined two datasets (2016 and 2018, N = 5,293) containing citizens’ opinions regarding society and conducted multivariate linear and ordered probit regression analyses. An intersectional perspective was adopted to explore the influence of combinations of diversity characteristics. Results show that citizens’ care-giving norms are relatively strong, meaning they believe persons in need of care should receive help from their families or social networks. However, citizens consider the government responsible for care as well. Men, younger people, people in good health and people of non-Western origin have stronger care-giving norms than others, and younger people assign relatively more responsibility to the family than the government. Level of education and religiosity are also associated with care attitudes. Primary diversity dimensions are more related to care attitudes than secondary, circumstantial dimensions. Some of the secondary dimensions interact with primary dimensions. These insights offer policy makers, social workers and (allied) health professionals the opportunity to align with citizens’ care attitudes, as results show that people vary to a large extent in their care-giving norms and welfare state orientation.
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Background: Our transition to an “information society” means that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become integral to our lives. ICT has also become an essential aspect of medical institutions and healthcare settings. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses are required to use ICT in their daily work. In Lebanon, however, due to political factors, many universities have not introduced technology or any form of ICT in their curricula. Institutions of higher education do use technology in various ways, however, successful incorporation of ICT in education requires acceptance by instructors who are expected to use ICT in teaching practices. Although international findings reveal that ICT should be used in nursing education, some faculty members experience difficulty integrating it. Method: A mixed methodological research approach was used to investigate the attitudes of nursing teaching staff toward the use of ICT in nursing education. Results: Our findings revealed three categories of faculty with differing attitudes to the use of ICT in teaching and learning: pioneers, faculty members who have developed positive attitudes toward ICT usage; followers, faculty members with neutral attitudes; and resisters, faculty members with negative attitudes. Conclusions: Identification of the nursing faculty members’ attitude toward ICT and the challenges faced by them contributes to the integration of ICT into nursing curricula and further development of educational practices.
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We focus in the current study on associations between personality, multicultural attitudes, and perceived ethnic outgroup distance in the Netherlands. Data were collected among four different ethnic groups (from low to high in terms of ethnic hierarchy): Turkish/Moroccan-Dutch, Antillean/Surinamese-Dutch, Mixed Western immigrants, and Dutch majority group members. We found support for a mediation model in which in all groups multicultural attitudes mediate the relation between personality traits, education level, and age as antecedents, and outgroup distance as outcome; age was the only antecedent that also had a direct effect on outcome. Education was positively related to multiculturalism in the groups high in the hierarchy and unrelated in the groups low in the hierarchy. The association between multicultural attitudes and outgroup distance was negative and stronger for the groups higher in the ethnic hierarchy; hierarchy was unrelated to outgroup distance. Groups higher in the hierarchy scored lower on multicultural attitudes. It was concluded that multicultural attitudes and outgroup distance are important for understanding intergroup dynamics in ethnically diverse societies.
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IntroductionOver time, surrogacy has become more broadly available to a variety of people (e.g. male same-sex couples or transgender women). Whether the wider public supports surrogacy, and what contributes to such support remains unclear. This study investigated what demographic and surrogacy arrangement-based (which people participate in the arrangement) factors shape attitudes towards surrogacy.MethodA representative sample of Dutch adults (N = 1,074) reported their attitudes on four (out of 30) randomly assigned vignettes in 2023. Each vignette described a surrogacy family with variations in sexuality and gender of parents, the social and genetic bonds between the parents, the surrogate, and the oocyte donor, and was followed by an attitude questionnaire (6 items). Multilevel regression analyses were conducted with attitudes as the dependent variable and demographic factors (gender, Dutch background, age, education, sexual orientation, urbanisation, and religiosity) and arrangement-based factors (parental composition, genetic and social bonds with the surrogate, and oocyte donors).ResultsParticipants held fairly positive attitudes towards surrogacy. People identifying as women, with only having a Dutch background, who were younger, more highly educated, non-heterosexual, or less religious were more likely to have positive attitudes. Participants had more positive attitudes if surrogacy arrangements entailed cis-man cis-woman parents compared to cis-man cis-man or transgender parents, and when there was no social bond between parents and oocyte donor.ConclusionsAttitudes are influenced by both demographic and arrangement-based factors. Based on these findings, families can be informed of fairly positive reactions they might encounter from their environment.
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BackgroundFacilitating adult sibling involvement for individuals with pervasive support needs is important. This study explores the attitudes of healthcare professionals in this process.MethodThe attitudes of healthcare professionals (n = 60) in the Netherlands were explored through an online, self-developed survey with open and closed-ended questions.ResultsAround 40% of the participants reported (partly) lacking knowledge about sibling preferences and 23% (partly) lacking practical opportunities for involving siblings. The majority (partly) perceived the involvement of siblings as an enjoyable part of their work (82%), rated their knowledge and skills positively (87%), and regarded sibling involvement as such importance that they would be willing to exert considerable effort to contribute to it (61%). Not all participants perceived it as their job to collaborate with siblings.ConclusionsThere is a need to increase healthcare professionals' knowledge about adult sibling preferences and structurally embed sibling involvement within care practices.
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