Hoewel motiverende gespreksvoering (MGv) veel gebruikt wordt om intrinsieke motivatie voor gedragsverandering te bevorderen, is het onduidelijk hoe MGv werkt. De vraag is dus welke ingrediënten verantwoordelijk zijn voor succes: wat zijn de actieve ingrediënten en verandermechanismen van MGv? Na een literatuurstudie naar potentiële actieve ingrediënten en verandermechanismen van MGv, werden twee multiple casestudies uitgevoerd. De eerste naar MGv ter bevordering van langdurig medicatiegebruik bij cliënten met schizofrenie, de tweede naar MGv om stoppen met roken te ondersteunen bij cliënten met een hartaandoening. In de literatuurstudie werden negen cliëntfactoren en negen therapeutfactoren als potentiele actieve ingrediënten, en vier potentiële verandermechanismen van MGv gevonden. In beide multiple casestudies bleken deze potentiële actieve ingrediënten geen enkelvoudige factoren of korte combinaties tussen een therapeutfactor en een cliëntfactor te zijn, maar te ontstaan over een langere gespreksperiode waarin verschillende therapeutfactoren en cliëntfactoren betrokken waren. De actieve ingrediënten en de daardoor geactiveerde verandermechanismen bleken cliënt- en context-specifiek te zijn.
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BackgroundPodiatrists are key professionals in promoting adequate foot self-care for people with diabetes at high-risk of developing foot ulcers. However, merely informing patients about the advantages of foot self-care is insufficient to realise behavioural change. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a promising person-centred communication style that could help to create a working alliance between healthcare providers and patient to improve foot self-care. This study aims to observe and analyse the application of MI in consultations carried out by MI-trained and non-MI-trained podiatrists with their patients, and explore podiatrists’ attitudes and experiences towards MI.MethodsEighteen podiatrists (median age: 28.5 years, 10 female and 8 male) followed a three-day basic training in MI and 4 podiatrists (median age: 38.5 years, 4 female) were not trained in MI. To observe and rate the MI-fidelity in daily clinical practice, audio recordings from the MI-trained and non-MI-trained podiatrists were scored with the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity code. Individual, semi-structed, in-depth interviews were conducted with the MI-trained podiatrists to explore their attitudes towards and experiences with MI. These data sources were triangulated to describe the effect of training podiatrists in MI for their clinical practice.ResultsThe MI-trained podiatrists scored significantly higher than the non-MI-trained podiatrists on two of four global MI-related communication skills (empathy, p = 0.008 and change talk, p = 0.008), on one of five core MI-adherent behaviours (affirmation, p = 0.041) and on one of the other behaviour counts (simple reflections, p = 0.008). The podiatrists mainly reported their attitudes and experiences regarding partnership and cultivating change talk, during the interviews. In addition, they also mentioned facilitators and barriers to using MI and indicated whether they experienced MI as having added value.ConclusionsThe MI-trained podiatrists used the principles of MI at a solid beginner proficiency level in their clinical practice in comparison to the non-MI-trained podiatrists, who did not reach this level. This achievement is in accordance with the basic MI-training they received. This multi-method study reveals that podiatrists can be effectively trained in applying MI in daily clinical practice.Trial registrationNetherlands Trial Register NL7710. Registered: 6 May 2019.
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