BACKGROUND: There is uncertainty about how much positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) should be used in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether a higher PEEP strategy is superior to a lower PEEP strategy regarding the number of ventilator-free days (VFDs).DESIGN: Multicentre observational study conducted from 1 March to 1 June 2020.SETTING AND PATIENTS: Twenty-two ICUs in The Netherlands and 933 invasively ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients.INTERVENTIONS: Patients were categorised retrospectively as having received invasive ventilation with higher (n=259) or lower PEEP (n=674), based on the high and low PEEP/FIO2 tables of the ARDS Network, and using ventilator settings and parameters in the first hour of invasive ventilation, and every 8 h thereafter at fixed time points during the first four calendar days. We also used propensity score matching to control for observed confounding factors that might influence outcomes.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was the number of VFDs. Secondary outcomes included distant organ failures including acute kidney injury (AKI) and use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), and mortality.RESULTS: In the unmatched cohort, the higher PEEP strategy had no association with the median [IQR] number of VFDs (2.0 [0.0 to 15.0] vs. 0.0 [0.0 to 16.0] days). The median (95% confidence interval) difference was 0.21 (-3.34 to 3.78) days, P = 0.905. In the matched cohort, the higher PEEP group had an association with a lower median number of VFDs (0.0 [0.0 to 14.0] vs. 6.0 [0.0 to 17.0] days) a median difference of -4.65 (-8.92 to -0.39) days, P = 0.032. The higher PEEP strategy had associations with higher incidence of AKI (in the matched cohort) and more use of RRT (in the unmatched and matched cohorts). The higher PEEP strategy had no association with mortality.CONCLUSION: In COVID-19 ARDS, use of higher PEEP may be associated with a lower number of VFDs, and may increase the incidence of AKI and need for RRT.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Practice of VENTilation in COVID-19 is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04346342.
BACKGROUND The mechanical power of ventilation (MP) has an association with outcome in invasively ventilated patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Whether a similar association exists in invasively ventilated patients without ARDS is less certain.OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of mechanical power with mortality in ICU patients without ARDS.DESIGN This was an individual patient data analysis that uses the data of three multicentre randomised trials.SETTING This study was performed in academic and nonacademic ICUs in the Netherlands.PATIENTS One thousand nine hundred and sixty-two invasively ventilated patients without ARDS were included in this analysis. The median [IQR] age was 67 [57 to 75] years, 706 (36%) were women.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the all-cause mortality at day 28. Secondary outcomes were the all-cause mortality at day 90, and length of stay in ICU and hospital.RESULTS At day 28, 644 patients (33%) had died. Hazard ratios for mortality at day 28 were higher with an increasing MP, even when stratified for its individual components (driving pressure (P < 0.001), tidal volume (P < 0.001), respiratory rate (P < 0.001) and maximum airway pressure (P = 0.001). Similar associations of mechanical power (MP) were found with mortality at day 90, lengths of stay in ICU and hospital. Hazard ratios for mortality at day 28 were not significantly different if patients were stratified for MP, with increasing levels of each individual component.CONCLUSION In ICU patients receiving invasive ventilation for reasons other than ARDS, MP had an independent association with mortality. This finding suggests that MP holds an added predictive value over its individual components, making MP an attractive measure to monitor and possibly target in these patients.TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02159196, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02153294, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03167580.
This study aimed to evaluate outcomes and support use in 12- to 25-year-old visitors of the @ease mental health walk-in centres, a Dutch initiative offering free counselling by trained and supervised peers.
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Chronische primaire pijn (pijn zonder duidelijke biomedische oorzaak) is geassocieerd met significante emotionele distress of functionele beperkingen (in activiteiten in het dagelijkse leven of sociale rollen)1,2 Bij zorgzoekende mensen met chronische primaire pijn is vaak sprake van beweegarmoede, verminderde zelfredzaamheid, slaapproblemen, suboptimaal functioneren in werk, hobby en thuis, langdurig ziekteverzuim en sociale isolatie3. Aangezien er geen effectieve behandeling bestaat die chronische pijn kan wegnemen, ligt de fysiotherapeutische focus bij behandeling op de vermindering van de ervaren beperkingen in het dagelijkse functioneren ondanks pijn, het hervatten van betekenisvolle activiteiten en participatie en het verbeteren van kwaliteit van leven. Fysiotherapeuten vragen “Hoe kunnen wij het type beweeggedrag van mensen met chronische pijn objectief meten zodat we hen beter kunnen ondersteunen in het verminderen van beperkingen in het dagelijks functioneren?” Nauwkeurige en objectieve instrumenten voor het meten van het type beweegpatronen zijn belangrijk om functionele beperkingen bij patiënten met chronische pijn goed te kunnen analyseren, om daarop een gepersonaliseerde interventie op toe te passen en vervolgens de resultaten te evalueren. De huidige commerciële beweegsensoren zijn (nog niet) in staat om de informatie te genereren die fysiotherapeuten nodig hebben, omdat vaak alleen rekening wordt gehouden met de kwantitatieve (hoeveelheid en intensiteit) aspecten van beweeggedrag en niet het dynamische of relationele aspect van beweeggedrag . Volgens de huidige theorieën moeten binnen het beweeggedrag van patiënten met chronische pijn verschillende beweegpatronen (vermijders, volharders en de vermijders/volharders) onderscheiden kunnen worden. Het valide identificeren en betrouwbaar meetbaar maken van deze beweegpatronen en de daarbij horende in stand houdende factoren (relationele aspecten van beweeggedrag) is een eerste stap die gaat helpen met het implementeren van een meer gepersonaliseerde fysiotherapeutische aanpak van patiënten met chronische pijn. Dit kan leiden tot beter functioneren, hogere kwaliteit van leven en betere uitkomsten In de zorg.
