In the Interreg Smart Shared Green Mobility Hubs project, electric shared mobility is offered through eHUBs in the city. eHUBs are physical places inneighbourhoods where shared mobility is offered, with the intention of changing citizens’ travel behaviour by creating attractive alternatives to private car use.In this research, we aimed to gain insight into psychological factors that influence car owners’ intentions to try out shared electric vehicles from an eHUB in order to ascertain:1. The psychological factors that determine whether car owners are willing to try out shared electric modalities in the eHUBs and whether these factors are identical for cities with different mobility contexts.2. How these insights into psychological determinants can be applied to entice car owners to try out shared electric modalities in the eHUBs.Research was conducted in two cities: Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and Leuven (Belgium). An onlinesurvey was distributed to car owners in both cities inSeptember 2020 and, additionally, interviews wereheld with 12 car owners in each city.In general, car owners from Amsterdam and Leuven seem positive about the prospect of having eHUBs in their cities. However, they show less interest inusing the eHUBs themselves, as they are satisfied with their private car, which suits their mobility needs. Car owners mentioned the following reasons for notbeing interested in trying out the eHUBs: they simply do not see a need to do so, the costs involved with usage, the need to plan ahead, the expected hasslewith registration and ‘figuring out how it works’, having other travel needs, safety concerns, having to travel a distance to get to the vehicle, and a preferencefor ownership. Car owners who indicated that they felt neutral, or that they were likely to try out an eHUB, mentioned the following reasons for doing so:curiosity, attractive pricing, convenience, not owning a vehicle like those offered in an eHUB, environmental concerns, availability nearby, and necessity when theirown vehicle is unavailable.In both cities, the most important predictor determining car owners’ intention to try out an eHUB is the perceived usefulness of trying out an eHUB.In Amsterdam, experience with shared mobility and familiarity with the concept were the second and third factors determining car owners’ interest in tryingout shared mobility. In Leuven, pro-environmental attitude was the second factor determining car owners’ openness to trying out the eHUBs, and agewas the third factor, with older car owners being less likely to try one out.Having established that perceived usefulness was the most important determinant for car owners to try out shared electric vehicles from an eHUB, weconducted additional research, which showed that, in both cities, three factors contribute to perceived usefulness, in order of relevance: (1) injunctive norms(e.g., perceiving that society views trying out eHUBs as correct behaviour); (2) trust in shared electric mobility as a solution to problems in the city (e.g., expecting private car owners’ uptake of eHUBs to contributeto cleaner air, reduce traffic jams in city, and combat climate change); and (3) trust in the quality and safety of the vehicles, including the protection of users’privacy. In Amsterdam specifically, two additional factors contributed to perceived usefulness of eHUBs: drivers’ confidence in their capacity to try out anunfamiliar vehicle from the eHUB and experience of travelling in various modes of transport.Drawing on the relevant literature, the results of our research, and our behavioural expertise, we make the following recommendations to increase car users’ uptake of shared e-mobility:1. Address car owners’ attentional bias, which filters out messages on alternative transport modes.2. Emphasise benefits of (trying out) shared mobility from different perspectives so that multiple goals can be addressed.3. Change the environment and the infrastructure, as infrastructure determines choice of transport.4. For Leuven specifically: target younger car owners and car owners with high pro-environmental attitudes.5. For Amsterdam specifically: provide information on eHUBs and opportunities for trying out eHUBs.
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This toolkit, originating from the research group Psychology for Sustainable Cities, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS), contains materials that help to promote behavioural change in relation to electric shared transport based in onstreet e-Mobility hubs (eHUBs). Behavioural knowledge is an essential ingredient for the successful implementation of eHUBs. Because behaviour is very dependent on the target group’s capabilities and motivation and on the social and physical context in which behaviour takes place, the research group has developed materials that municipalities can use to design a tailor-made eHUBs promotion intervention that suits their own situation. Therefore, practical examples and insights from earlier research are shared with regard to stimulating the use of eHUBs.
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Omdat het aanbod van elektrische bestelwagens en vrachtauto’s snel toeneemt ligt voor ondernemers het elektrificeren van het goederenvervoer van en naar de stad voor de hand. Maar die stap roept ook allerlei vragen op: Hoe kunnen transporteurs hun werk doen met elektrische voertuigen die regelmatig opgeladen moeten worden? Welke aanpak geeft de laagste kostprijs? Waar, wanneer en hoe snel gaan bestelwagens en vrachtwagens laden, en wat vraagt dat van het elektriciteitsnet?In opdracht van de Topsector Logistiek hebben Buck Consultants, CE Delft, Districon, de Hogeschool van Amsterdam, Panteia en TNO concreet uitgewerkt hoe elektrische stadslogistiek in de praktijk uitgevoerd zal worden. De regio Groot Amsterdam is als voorbeeld genomen. CE Delft heeft, gebaseerd op maatwerkdata van CBS over bestel- en vrachtwagens die de milieuzone Amsterdam bezoeken, berekend op welke locaties er een laadvraag verwacht kan worden. Hiervoor is de energiebehoefte ruimtelijk toegedeeld op postcode 4-niveau binnen COROP Groot-Amsterdam. Op basis van CBS-data over standplaatsen en herkomst en bestemmingsdata), en op basis van herkomst-bestemmingsdata uit het VENOM-verkeersmodel, wordt de impact op het elektriciteitsnet, het aantal benodigde laadpalen en de impact op de ruimte besproken. De optelling van al die individuele keuzes levert inzicht op waar, wanneer en hoe snel er geladen gaat worden. Daarmee kunnen netbeheerders en gemeenten plannen wat er aan infrastructuur en ruimte nodig is.
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The Interreg Europe eBussed project supports the transition of European regions towards low carbon mobility and more efficient transport. The regions involved are Turku (Finland), Hamburg (Germany), Utrecht (The Netherlands), Livorno (Italy), South Transdanubia (Hungary) and Gozo island in Malta. It promotes the uptake of e-busses in new regions and supports the expansion of existing e-fleets. Within the project, there are four thematic working groups formed that aim at delivering a best practices report and policy recommendations to be used in the partner regions. Thematic Working Group 4 (TWG4) focusses on the topics of Procurement, Tendering and Costs of e-busses. As a starting point for TWG4, the value chain for e-bus public transport per region has been mapped. By mapping how the value chain for e-bus public transport works and defining the nature of the issues, problems or maybe challenges per region can be better understood.
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Sustainable urban mobility is an established target of policy making and planning in Europe. It is associated with, among others, better air quality, less noise disturbance, increased safety and quality of public space. In this regard, one of the EU Commission’s main tools to achieve sustainable urban mobility, through Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP), require the explicit integration of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). Yet, European cities face common barriers when it comes to materialising M&E in practice. To avoid or overcome these barriers, this paper argues for integrating Capacity Building (CB). We draw this conclusion based on experiences made during the M&E and CB of the Horizon 2020 Project ‘Metamorphosis’. We report our experiences, rating different monitoring indicators used for the evaluation of measures transforming car-oriented neighbourhoods into children-friendly neighbourhoods in seven European cities. We then give advice on how to design and integrate CB for a feasible M&E scheme.
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The demand for the transport of goods within the city is rising and with that the number of vans driving around. This has adverse effects on air quality, noise, safety and liveability in the city. LEFVs (Light Electric Freight Vehicles) offer a potential solution for this. There is already a lot of enthusiasm for the LEFVs and several companies have started offering the vehicles. Still many companies are hesitating to start and experience. New knowledge is needed of logistics concepts for the application of LEFVs. This paper shows the outcomes of eight case studies about what is needed to successfully deploy LEFVs for city logistics.
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De vraag naar het transporteren van goederen binnen de stad stijgt, en daarmee stijgt het aantal bestelwagens. Dit heeft negatieve effecten op de luchtkwaliteit, geluid, veiligheid en leefbaarheid in de stad. LEVV’s (Licht Elektrische Vracht Voertuigen) bieden een potentiële oplossing voor deze problemen. Er is veel enthousiasme voor de LEVV’s, en verschillende bedrijven zijn begonnen met het aanbieden van deze voertuigen. Toch zijn er nog veel bedrijven die aarzelen om hiermee te beginnen. Nieuwe kennis over de logistieke concepten die nodig zijn voor de toepassing van de LEVV’s is nodig. Dit onderzoek geeft de uitkomsten van acht casestudies weer, waarin gekeken is naar de benodigdheden om LEVV’s succesvol in te zetten in de praktijk.
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Het samenwerkingsverband van a.s.r., Kropman, Hogeschool van Amsterdam en Venema E-mobility heeft een pilot DC Nanogrid ontworpen waarin de betrouwbaarheid en veiligheid gewaarborgd zijn. Speciale aandacht tijdens dit project is besteed aan zwerfstromen, kathodische bescherming en autonome aansturing van het living lab op het a.s.r. verzekeringen parkeerdek. Een autonome systeembalans wordt gevonden door een Droop Rate Control (DrC) regeling. In het actieve DC-net heeft ieder component in het systeem een “gedragscode”: een eenvoudige regelstrategie die bepaalt wat het apparaat doet bij welke netspanning uitgaande van een nominale spanning (opwek en verbruik zijn in balans een hogere spanning (er is meer opwekvermogen aanwezig) of een lagere spanning (er is opwekvermogen te kort). Venema E-mobility heeft in dit project drie DC/DC laders ontwikkeld die zelfstandig met een drooprate control gestuurd worden. Het living-lab is getest en gekoppeld aan het bij a.s.r. aanwezige duurzame PV-opweksysteem en is onderdeel geworden van het grotere laadsysteem in het parkeerdek inclusief energiemanagement en beheeromgeving in InsiteSuite. De onderzoeks- en testresultaten zijn omgezet in conceptrichtlijnen en actief ingebracht in de Nederlandse normalisatie werkgroepen (NEN TC 64 en TC 81).
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