This dissertation increases our insight into the role of the service employee’s intercultural competences in the service to culturally diverse customers. Investigating the effect of the intercultural competences of service employees is of major importance because, as a consequence of globalization, the number of intercultural service encounters has increased dramatically and still does. The delivery of service to a culturally diverse customer-base requires a combination of knowledge, skills and attitude; the intercultural competences (also known as Global Mindset). In this study the hotel sector has been investigated specifically. The hotel sector is an important economic player that continues to grow inspite of economic downturn. The special characteristics of hotel services make the sector also very suitable for the research of face-to-face encounters in an international context. In this dissertation, a holistic approach has been chosen, meaning that in the four empirical studies not only the perspective of the manager, but also that of the employee and the customer was investigated. All three of the above-mentioned are actors in intercultural service according to the argumentation of the ‘service-profit chain’ (Heskett, Jones, et al., 1994). Together, the manager, employee and the customer form the so-called ‘service triangle’ (Bitner, 1990).
The online lifeworld gives adolescents various opportunities to meet their developmental needs. Not all young people benefit from these opportunities. They encounter negative experiences, have difficulties fulfilling their needs and engage in risky and harmful behaviours in the online lifeworld. This poses challenges for Dutch youth work professionals, as little is known about the digital lives of Dutch adolescents and the challenges they encounter when meeting their developmental needs in the online lifeworld. In this qualitative study, a photovoice method was used to collect screenshots from adolescents (N = 175) concerning their experiences and needs in the online lifeworld. Six types of developmental needs in the online lifeworld were distinguished. The article concludes that understanding how adolescents use online affordances to fulfil their developmental needs is a starting point for all youth work professionals in providing adequate support to adolescents in the online lifeworld.
This paper discusses sketching as a spatial and embodied ethnographic research method. Rather than a means to represent fieldwork experiences in quasi-photographic images, this method prompts researchers to slow down and open their senses. In doing so, sketching can initiate an imaginative and interpretive ethnographic process. In order to explore this process we draw on [first author’s] sketches of fieldwork encounters, made in the context of his participant observation in a Dutch Asylum Seekers’ Residence Centre. The sketches were made to imagine and interpret this border-space as it may be experienced by asylum seekers. Unlike other ethnographic research methods, sketching allowed [first author] to imagine his own perspective as well as the perspectives of asylum seekers involved in these encounters. In doing so, the sketches shed light on non-verbal, embodied interactions between asylum seekers and [first author], situated in the spatial and social setting of the Centre. Based on three fieldwork encounters, the paper demonstrates [first author’s] process of: (1) gaining access to the unfolding situations in front of his eyes; (2) registering his own perspectives of these situations; (3) imagining different perspectives of asylum seekers involved in these situations; (4) searching for different, and sometimes conflictual ways of framing these situations. Based on perceptual skills as well as contextual knowledge, the slow process of sketching helped us to gain critical and relational insights into the spaces opened up by these encounters.
“Empowering learners to create a sustainable future” This is the mission of Centre of Expertise Mission-Zero at The Hague University of Applied Sciences (THUAS). The postdoc candidate will expand the existing knowledge on biomimicry, which she teaches and researches, as a strategy to fulfil the mission of Mission-Zero. We know when tackling a design challenge, teams have difficulties sifting through the mass of information they encounter. The candidate aims to recognize the value of systematic biomimicry, leading the way towards the ecosystems services we need tomorrow (Pedersen Zari, 2017). Globally, biomimicry demonstrates strategies contributing to solving global challenges such as Urban Heat Islands (UHI) and human interferences, rethinking how climate and circular challenges are approached. Examples like Eastgate building (Pearce, 2016) have demonstrated successes in the field. While biomimicry offers guidelines and methodology, there is insufficient research on complex problem solving that systems-thinking requires. Our research question: Which factors are needed to help (novice) professionals initiate systems-thinking methods as part of their strategy? A solution should enable them to approach challenges in a systems-thinking manner just like nature does, to regenerate and resume projects. Our focus lies with challenges in two industries with many unsustainable practices and where a sizeable impact is possible: the built environment (Circularity Gap, 2021) and fashion (Joung, 2014). Mission Zero has identified a high demand for Biomimicry in these industries. This critical approach: 1) studies existing biomimetic tools, testing and defining gaps; 2) identifies needs of educators and professionals during and after an inter-disciplinary minor at The Hague University; and, 3) translates findings into shareable best practices through publications of results. Findings will be implemented into tangible engaging tools for educational and professional settings. Knowledge will be inclusive and disseminated to large audiences by focusing on communication through social media and intervention conferences.
De transitie naar een gerobotiseerde industriële omgeving is in volle gang. Robots zijn zich aan het ontwikkelen tot collaboratieve robots (co-bots) en worden zo meer een collega dan een geïsoleerde machine in een kooi. Een goede co-bot-mens-samenwerking heeft positieve effecten op de werkbeleving, resulteert in minder stress, verzuim, minder ‘bijna-ongelukken’ en leidt tot hogere productiviteit en kwaliteit op de werkvloer. Onderling vertrouwen tussen medewerker en co-bot speelt een belangrijke rol in een goede samenwerking en voor effectieve teamprestaties. De interactie tussen medewerker en co-bot dient daartoe zo natuurlijk mogelijk, voorspelbaar en intuïtief te verlopen. Op dit terrein valt nog veel winst te boeken in het industriële MKB. Co-bots moeten leren anticiperen op wat in de directe omgeving komen gaat, zodat de medewerker nimmer in een onveilige situatie verkeert en zich comfortabel voelt in de samenwerking met de co-bot. Van de andere kant moeten medewerkers leren begrijpen hoe co-bots werken en wat ze van hen kunnen verwachten. Ambitie van het project “Close Encounters with Co-bots” is het verbeteren van de effectieve samenwerking tussen medewerker en co-bot op de industriële werkvloer en daarbij vertrouwen en beleefde veiligheid te borgen voor de medewerker. In het project wordt daartoe gewerkt aan begrip van de co-bot in de mens, begrip van de mens in de co-bot, het bouwen aan technische oplossingen voor effectieve communicatie, en prototyping en testing in relevante praktijkomgevingen in het MKB. Het bedrijfsleven kan met de resultaten van het project versneld de door hen gewenste leercurve doorlopen om samenwerkende industriële mens-co-bot-systemen substantieel te laten bijdragen aan operationele winst in economisch, (productie)technisch en sociaal opzicht. Het project is een interdisciplinair samenwerking tussen de vakgebieden psychologie, mechatronica en ICT binnen Fontys Hogescholen en Saxion Hogeschool. De negen participerende (MKB) bedrijven zijn actief als industrieel productiebedrijf, in robotica ontwikkeling, als systeem- en robotleverancier, in productieautomatisering en in de sociale werkvoorziening. Daarnaast zijn kennisinstelling TU/e, coöperatie Brainport Industries en samenwerkingsverband Holland Robotics nauw betrokken. In het project zal bestaande kennis toepasbaar worden gemaakt en zal nieuwe kennis worden ontwikkeld t.b.v. een natuurlijke, voorspelbare en intuïtieve samenwerking tussen medewerker en co-bot op de industriële werkvloer. Verder zal verankering van kennis en kunde in onderwijs en lectoraten plaatsvinden en een vergroting van de kwaliteit van docenten en afstudeerders. Er zullen circa 17 docent-onderzoekers van de hogescholen en circa 100 studenten betrokken worden, die in de vorm van studentenprojecten, stages en afstudeeronderzoeken werken aan interessante vraagstukken direct uit de beroepspraktijk.
This project aims to develop a measurement tool to assess the inclusivity of experiences for people with varying challenges and capabilities on the auditory spectrum. In doing so, we performed an in-depth exploration of scientific literature and findings from previous projects by Joint Projects. Based on this, we developed an initial conceptual model that focuses on sensory perception, emotion, cognition, and e[ort in relation to hearing and fatigue. Within, this model a visitor attraction is seen as an “experienscape” with four key elements: content, medium, context, and individual. In co-creative interviews with experts by experience with varying challenges on the auditory spectrum, they provided valuable insights that led to a significant expansion of this initial model. This was a relevant step, as in the scientific and professional literature, little is known about the leisure experiences of people with troubled hearing. For example, personal factors such as a person’s attitude toward their own hearing loss and the social dynamics within their group turned out to greatly influence the experience. The revised model was then applied in a case study at Apenheul, focusing on studying differences in experience of their gorilla presentation amongst people with varying challenges on the auditory spectrum.Societal issueThe Netherlands is one of the countries in Europe with the highest density of visitor attractions. Despite this abundance, many visitor attractions are not fully accessible to everyone, particularly to visitors with disabilities who sometimes are not eligible to ride due to safety concerns, yet when eligible generally still encounter numerous barriers. Accessibility of visitor attractions can be approached in various ways. However, because the focus often lies on operational and technical aspects (e.g., reducing stimuli at certain times of the day by turning o[ music, o[ering alternative wheelchair entrances), strategic and community-focused approaches are often overlooked. More importantly, there is also a lack of attention to the experience of visitors with disabilities. This becomes apparent from several studies from Joint Projects, where visitor attractions are being visited together with experts by experience with various disabilities. Nevertheless, experience is often being regarded as the 'core product' of the leisure sector. The right to meet, discover, develop, relax and thus enjoy this core product is hindered for many people with disabilities due to a lack of knowledge, inaccessibility (physical, digital, social, communicative as well as financial) and discrimination in society. Additionally, recreation entrepreneurs still face a significant gap in reaching the potential market of guests with disabilities and their networks. Thus, despite the numerous initiatives in the leisure sector aimed at improving accessibility on technical and operational fronts, often people with disabilities are still not being able to experience the same kind of enjoyment as those without. These observations form the pressing impetus for initiating the current research project, tapping into the numerous opportunities for learning, development and growth on making leisure offer more inclusive.Benefit to societyIn total, the current project approach comes with a number of enrichments in terms of both knowledge and methodology: a mixed-methods approach that allows for comparing data from different sources to obtain a more complete picture of the experience; a methodological co-design process that honours the 'nothing about us without us' principle; and benchmarking for a group (i.e., people with challenges on the auditory spectrum) that despite the size of its population has thus far mostly been overlooked.
