The digital era has brought about profound changes in how music is created, distributed, and consumed, posing a need for modernizing the Dutch collective management system of music copyright to match the rapidly changing digital music industry. This study aims to identify the key stakeholders and their perceptions of the Dutch system of collective management of music copyright. Utilizing qualitative document analysis, the study examines a range of public and non-public documents, including income statements, annual reports from Collective Management Organizations (CMOs), and contracts between publishers and creators. The research is further enriched by twenty-four semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders such as composers, lyricists, music publishers, copyright lawyers, and CMO executives. The findings of the study highlight several issues like the outdated IT systems and the lack of data standardization within the system. The research also notes a contrast in organizational effectiveness: major publishers are well-organized and unified in their negotiations with Digital Service Providers (DSPs) and CMOs, effectively advocating for their rights. However, music copyright holders, despite their legal homogeneity, are either unorganized or ineffectively aligned, displaying diverse interests and varying levels of access to information, as well as differences in norms and values prioritization. The study is grounded in the economics of collective management (ECM) and makes a significant academic contribution to this field by introducing new empirical findings to ECMs core constructs and integrating theoretical perspectives. The research offers valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers, aiming to foster a more equitable music copyright management system in the digital context.
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This chapter gives an overview on the Healthy Ageing research portfolio of the research group Lifelong Learning in Music (Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, the Netherlands). Lifelong learning enables musicians to respond to the continuously changing context in which they are working nowadays, and ageing is one of the major societal changes for many western societies in the 21st century. Musicians are asked by society to contribute to healthy ageing processes, and such a contribution in turn generates possibilities for innovative musical practices with the elderly. We present a three-layered model to look at such innovative practices, which places the musical practice itself in the context of communicative characteristics of working with elderly people and in broader societal and institutional contexts. We then outline four concrete research projects: learning to play an instrument at an elderly age, creative music workshops for elderly in residential home settings, the competencies of creative music workshop leaders working with frail elderly people, and musical work with severely ill elderly people in hospitals. We describe some background values and methodological notions behind our work, and finish the article with a more extensive description of our project on Music and Dementia.
There is a need for modernizing the Dutch collective management system of music copyright to match the rapidly changing digital music industry. Focusing on the often-neglected human values aspect, this study, part of a larger PhD research, examines the value preferences of music rights holders: creators and publishers. It aims to advise on technological redesign for music copyright management system and contribute to discussions on equitable collective management. Building upon prior research, which comprehensively analyzed the Dutch music copyright system and identified key stakeholders, this paper analyses 24 interviews with those key stakeholders to identify their values and potential value tensions. Initial findings establish a set of shared values, crucial for the next phases of the study –values operationalization. This research makes a academic contribution by integrating the Value Sensitive Design (VSD) approach with Distributive Justice Theory, enriching VSD's application and enhancing our understanding of the Economics of Collective Management (ECM).
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Since 2015, the research group Lifelong Learning in Music of Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, together with the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), has developed and researched the MiMiC practice for patients and nurses on surgical wards. The musicians make tailor-made music in the patients' rooms in collaboration with patients and nurses. They do this on the basis of verbal and non-verbal contact with patients and nurses. Person-centred music-making turns out to be easy to realise in a medical setting and to be meaningful for all involved. People who have just had surgery experience less pain. Nurses feel more deeply involved with their patients. Musicians show sensitivity for the social context in which they carry out their artistic practice.In this project the research group is developing an innovative artistic practice with a focus on elderly patients. Musicians work with patients and the care staff that are taking care of these patients during their stay in hospital. The research should lead to insights in the effects of this practice and to a new training for master students and professional musicians who want wish to specialise themselves in this field. Pilots on six different wards of the UMCG with professional musicians and master students are part of the research which will last two years in its entirety. The project has been granted funding from the 'Banning de Jong Fonds' of the national 'Prins Bernhard Cultuurfonds' and the 'Fonds Sluyterman van Loo'.
