The preference of students in competence-based Pre-Vocational Secondary Education (PVSE) for information processing strategies and the development of their body of knowledge were measured in a study that was carried out with 31 participants. The students' information processing strategies were measured by means of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and think-aloud sessions. 26 of the 31 participants had a preference for surface processing strategies when working in workplace simulation. The other 5 students preferred deep learning. The learning environment appeared to elicit this surface level processing. The development of the body of knowledge of the students was measured by means of the concept mapping technique. For most students, an improvement of the body of knowledge took place in the course of the project in workplace simulation that was researched. Their knowledge became more elaborate and better organized. No significant relations between information processing strategies and the development of the concept maps could be found for the students participating in the research.
DOCUMENT
The preference of students in competence-based Pre-Vocational Secondary Education (PVSE) for information processing strategies and the development of their body of knowledge were measured in a study that was carried out with 31 participants. The students' information processing strategies were measured by means of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and think-aloud sessions. 26 of the 31 participants had a preference for surface processing strategies when working in workplace simulation. The other 5 students preferred deep learning. The learning environment appeared to elicit this surface level processing. The development of the body of knowledge of the students was measured by means of the concept mapping technique. For most students, an improvement of the body of knowledge took place in the course of the project in workplace simulation that was researched. Their knowledge became more elaborate and better organized. No significant relations between information processing strategies and the development of the concept maps could be found for the students participating in the research.
DOCUMENT
This paper revisits how and why new multinational knowledge-based strategies and multi-level governmental policies influence the upgrading process of regions in developing economies. Automotive multinationals traditionally exploited local asset conditions, but it is shown that they have also been contributing to knowledge-generation systems via investments in R&D centres and cooperation with regional knowledge producers. We discern three elements of the upgrading process of regions—upgrading of domestic firms, subsidiary evolution and establishment of strategic relations with local knowledge institutes—to analyse two case studies: Ostrava (Czech Republic) and Shanghai (China). The cases show that all types of upgrading—product, process, chain and functional—have taken place in the last years, and that follow sourcing may have a positive impact on regional upgrading. These observations provide lessons for governments in developing economies which aim to strengthen innovation-based regional development.
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