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Envisioning conversational agents in public spaces

Beyond the potential of new layers of urban infrastructure - sensor-laden networks, big data, artificial intelligence - to optimize cities functionally, lay promising opportunities to also use these technologies for new forms of social interactions. In an ongoing smart city development project, we explore the potential of distributed conversational speech interfaces in the social context of local urban communities. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/atjylha/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/josvanleeuwen/

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Envisioning conversational agents in public spaces

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Using Lo-Fi prototyping to envision conversational agents in public settings

Speech interactions are often associated with virtual assistants and smart home devices, designed primarily for private contexts. A less developed domain is speech interfaces in public contexts. In a smart city development project, we explored the potential of distributed conversational speech interfaces in lampposts. Deploying a research-through-design method, we created a lo-fi prototype of the speech interface that test subjects could interact with during experiments in a lab setting. Our first exploratory prototype consisted of a loudspeaker that acted as the interface and preconceived dialogues designed to investigate the boundaries of desirable and acceptable experiences regarding issues such as privacy. Experiencing the interaction with this rudimentary prototype helped people envision potential use cases and reflect on privacy issues: the dialogues revealed subjective limits of what kind of (personal) information people were willing to share with the lamppost. They also elicited thoughts on possible consequences in the social context of citizens. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/atjylha/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/josvanleeuwen/

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Using Lo-Fi prototyping to envision conversational agents in public settings

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Using Lo-Fi experience prototypes for co-designing conversational speech interactions for public settings

In an on-going smart city development project, we are exploring the potential of distributed conversational speech interfaces in the public context of a city. By using the well-known Wizard of Oz method in combination with a lo-fi prototype, we involve participants in co-design with the focus on potential use cases, social acceptability, and privacy aspects of interacting with a speech interface publicly. The work taps into the gap of design-oriented work in the domain of speech-based HCI. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/atjylha/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/josvanleeuwen/

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Using Lo-Fi experience prototypes for co-designing conversational speech interactions for public settings

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Empowering Citizens

In ons dagelijkse leven hebben we veel met technologie te maken, vaak met interactieve, informatie-gerichte technologie: als consument doen we online boodschappen – zeker in deze pandemische tijd; als reiziger in het openbaar vervoer plannen en betalen we onze reis met interactieve technologie – nu weliswaar even wat minder; als weggebruiker navigeren we op basis van technologie; en ons energieverbruik in huis wordt ‘smart’ gemeten en geadministreerd. Als burger staan we steeds vaker middels technologie in contact met overheden. Denk aan alle online communicatie met de overheid, zo als de belastingdienst en gemeenten die middels apps, websites en de ‘Berichtenbox’ van ‘MijnOverheid’ met burgers communiceren. En er wordt over burgers en ons gedrag al heel wat data verzameld, door gemeenten, de politie, door bijvoorbeeld de zorgsector. En ook in de publieke ruimte wordt data verzameld – met smart city technologie, zoals camera’s en sensoren – met als doel om de stad veiliger, efficiënter en leefbaarder te maken. Al die ‘big data’ maakt het mogelijk om inzichten te genereren – al dan niet met kunstmatige intelligentie – en besluiten te nemen. We gebruiken technologie ook om als burger zelf actie te ondernemen. Bij de overheid kunnen we met apps melden wat er op straat verbeterd of onderhouden moet worden. Met onze buren zitten we in een WhatsApp groep of NextDoor, om bij te dragen aan de leefbaarheid en veiligheid van de buurt. We kunnen met smart home tools of citizen science kits de luchtkwaliteit meten, binnenshuis, maar ook buitenshuis. We tekenen petities, doen mee aan peilingen en enquêtes. En social networking sites (SNS) worden intensief gebruikt, voor sociale en professionele relaties, maar ook om maatschappelijk actief te zijn, voor het organiseren van het samenleven in een buurt. We weten inmiddels dat social media ook een effectief kanaal zijn om de democratie te beïnvloeden. Burgers komen dus in aanraking met veel verschillende technologieën, met verschillende doelstellingen, resultaten en bijeffecten, en waaraan mensen in allerlei functies en rollen deelnemen. Wat centraal staat in het vakgebied Civic Technology is dat de technologie in dienst staat van het burgerschap.

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Experiencing the future: Evaluating a new framework for the participatory co-design of healthy public spaces using immersive virtual reality

Urban densification is promoted for sustainable urban growth, yet it also generates concerns about negative health impacts on local citizens. Engaging local citizens in the co-design of densification projects is therefore crucial to address their needs and concerns. The use of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) technologies creates potential for advancing the participatory co-design of healthier urban spaces by allowing citizens to not only visualize but also experience the impacts of future designs or “what-if” scenarios. Theoretically grounded in an extended version of Sheppard's approach, which we call the Experiencing the Future Framework (EFF), we developed a study to create and evaluate an immersive VR application called CoHeSIVE. This application was designed to facilitate participatory co-design processes for healthy public spaces. CoHeSIVE, as the technological manifestation of our framework, was created through iterative workshops with end-user input. During the final workshop with 41 participants, both qualitative and quantitative data were collected, including user behavior and experiences with CoHeSIVE, especially regarding its experiential and interactive components. The vast majority of participants had positive experiences and recommended CoHeSIVE for participatory co-design processes. Participants felt confident in their design outcomes and found the user interface easy to use and effective for making and communicating design decisions. The most preferred design attributes were found to be many and clustered trees, several benches, large grass areas, high-rise buildings, more lampposts and the presence of a fountain, showing that the design outcomes were meaningful for the selected local context. Future enhancements of CoHeSIVE might include adding more design attributes, enhancing visual representations, adding multi-user capabilities, integrating generative AI and expanding CoHeSIVE's applicability to other contexts.

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Guiding the Visually Impaired through the Environment with Beacons

Introduction: Visually impaired people experience trouble with navigation and orientation due to their weakened ability to rely on eyesight to monitor the environment [1][2]. Smartphones such as the iPhone are already popular devices among the visually impaired for navigating [3]. We explored if an iPhone application that responds to Bluetooth beacons to inform the user about their environment could aid the visually impaired in navigation in an urban environment.Method: We tested the implementation in an urban environment with visually impaired people using the route from the Amsterdam Bijlmer train station to the Royal Dutch Visio office. Bluetooth beacons were attached at two meters high to lampposts and traffic signs along a specified route to give the user instructions via a custom made iPhone app. Three different obstacle types were identified and implemented in the app: a crossover with traffic signs, a car parking entrance and objects blocking the pathway like stairs. Based on the work of Atkin et al.[5] and Havik et al. [6] at each obstacle the beacon will trigger the app to present important information about the surroundings like potential hazards nearby, how to navigate around or through obstacles and information about the next obstacle. The information is presented using pictures of the environment and instructions in text and voice based on Giudice et al. [4]. The application uses Apple’s accessibility features to communicate the instructions with VoiceOver screenreader. The app allows the user to preview the route, to prepare for upcoming obstacles and landmarks. Last, users can customize the app by specifying the amount of detail in images and information the app presents.To determine if the app is more useful for the participants than their current navigational method, participants walked the route both with and without the application. When walking with the app, participants were guided by the app. When walking without the app they used their own navigational method. During both walks a supervisor ensured the safety of the participant.During both walks, after each obstacle, participants were asked how safe they felt. We used a five point Likert scale where one stood for “feeling very safe” and five for “feeling very unsafe”.Qualitative feedback on the usability of the app was collected using the speak-a-lout method during walking and by interview afster walking.Results: Five visually impaired participated, one female and five males, age range from 30 to 78 and with varying levels of visual limitations. Three participants were familiar with the route and two walked the route for the first time.After each obstacle participants rated how safe they felt on a five point Likert scale. We normalized the results by deducting the scores of the walk without the app from the scores of the walk with the app. The average of all participants is shown in figure 2. When passing the traffic light halfway during the route we see that the participants feel safer with than without the app.Summarizing the qualitative feedback, we noticed that all participants indicated feeling supported by the app. They found the type of instructions ideal for walking and learning new routes. Of the five participants, three found the length of the instructions appropriate and two found them too long. They would like to split the detailed instructions in a short instruction and the option for more detailed instructions. They felt that a detailed instruction gave too much information in a hazardous environment like a crossover. Two participants found the information focused on orientation not necessary, while three participants liked knowing their surroundings.Conclusion and discussion: Regarding the safety questions we see that participants felt safer with the app, especially when crossing the road with traffic lights. We believe this big difference in comparison to the other obstacles is due to the crossover being considered more dangerous than the other obstacles. This is reflected by their feedback in requesting less direct information at these locations.All participants indicated feeling supported and at ease with our application, stating they would use the application when walking new routes.Because of the small sample size we consider our results an indication that the app can be of help and a good start for further research on guiding people through an urban environment using beacons.

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Guiding the Visually Impaired through the Environment with Beacons

Producten 7

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Envisioning conversational agents in public spaces

DOCUMENT

product

Using Lo-Fi prototyping to envision conversational agents in public settings

DOCUMENT

product

Using Lo-Fi experience prototypes for co-designing conversational speech interactions for public settings

DOCUMENT

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Empowering Citizens

DOCUMENT

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Experiencing the future: Evaluating a new framework for the participatory co-design of healthy public spaces using immersive virtual reality

LINK

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Guiding the Visually Impaired through the Environment with Beacons

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Producten 7

Envisioning conversational agents in public spaces

Using Lo-Fi prototyping to envision conversational agents in public settings

Using Lo-Fi experience prototypes for co-designing conversational speech interactions for public settings

Early concept validation through provocative experience prototyping

Empowering Citizens

Experiencing the future: Evaluating a new framework for the participatory co-design of healthy public spaces using immersive virtual reality

Guiding the Visually Impaired through the Environment with Beacons

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Producten 7

Envisioning conversational agents in public spaces

Using Lo-Fi prototyping to envision conversational agents in public settings

Using Lo-Fi experience prototypes for co-designing conversational speech interactions for public settings

Early concept validation through provocative experience prototyping

Empowering Citizens

Experiencing the future: Evaluating a new framework for the participatory co-design of healthy public spaces using immersive virtual reality

Guiding the Visually Impaired through the Environment with Beacons