tract Micro wind turbines can be structurally integrated on top of the solid base of noise barriers near highways. A number of performance factors were assessed with holistic experiments in wind tunnel and in the field. The wind turbines underperformed when exposed in yawed flow conditions. The theoretical cosθ theories for yaw misalignment did not always predict power correctly. Inverter losses turned out to be crucial especially in standby mode. Combination of standby losses with yawed flow losses and low wind speed regime may even result in a net power consuming turbine. The micro wind turbine control system for maintaining optimal power production underperformed in the field when comparing tip speed ratios and performance coefficients with the values recorded in the wind tunnel. The turbine was idling between 20%–30% of time as it was assessed for sites with annual average wind speeds of three to five meters per second without any power production. Finally, the field test analysis showed that inadequate yaw response could potentially lead to 18% of the losses, the inverter related losses to 8%, and control related losses to 33%. The totalized loss led to a 48% efficiency drop when compared with the ideal power production measured before the inverter. Micro wind turbine’s performance has room for optimization for application in turbulent wind conditions on top of noise barriers. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051288
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This paper assesses wind resource characteristics and energy yield for micro wind turbines integrated on noise barriers. An experimental set-up with sonic anemometers placed on top of the barrier in reference positions is realized. The effect on wind speed magnitude, inflow angle and turbulence intensity is analysed. The annual energy yield of a micro wind turbine is estimated and compared using data from a micro-wind turbine wind tunnel experiment and field data. Electrical energy costs are discussed as well as structural integration cost reduction and the potential energy yield could decrease costs. It was found that instantaneous wind direction towards the barrier and the height of observation play an influential role for the results. Wind speed increases in perpendicular flows while decreases in parallel flow, by +35% down to −20% from the reference. The azimuth of the noise barrier expressed in wind field rotation angles was found to be influential resulted in 50%–130% changes with respect to annual energy yield. A micro wind turbine (0.375 kW) would produce between 100 and 600 kWh annually. Finally, cost analysis with cost reductions due to integration and the energy yield changes due to the barrier, show a LCOE reduction at 60%–90% of the reference value. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104206
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Onder scheikundedocenten, chemiedidactici en lerarenopleiders is consensus over de centrale rol die het micro/macro concept zou moeten spelen in een nieuw te ontwerpen scheikundeprogramma voor havo en vwo. Bovendien kan worden geconcludeerd dat naast aandacht voor de plaats van het heen-en-weer denken in het te ontwikkelen lesmateriaal ook de wijze waarop scheikundedocenten in hun lessen dienen om te gaan met dit begrip belangrijk geacht wordt. Om ons een beeld te kunnen vormen van de didactische aspecten van het heen-en-weer denken is het van belang beter zicht te krijgen op de inzichten van scheikundedocenten in het gebruik van micro- en macro-scheikunde.
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Abstract: Unlike manufacturing technology for semiconductors and printed circuit boards, the market for traditional micro assembly lacks a clear public roadmap. More agile manufacturing strategies are needed in an environment in which dealing with change becomes a rule instead of an exception. In this paper, an attempt is made to bring production with universal micro assembly cells to the next level. This is realised by placing a larger number of cells, called Equiplets, in a “Grid”. Equiplets are compact and low-cost manufacturing platforms that can be reconfigured to a broad number of applications. Benchmarking Equiplet production has shown reduced time to market and a smooth transition from R&D to Manufacturing. When higher production volumes are needed, more systems can be placed in parallel to meet the manufacturing demand. Costs of product design changes in the later stage of industrialisation have been reduced due to the modular production in grids, which allows the final design freeze to be postponed as late as possible. The need for invested capital is also pushed backwards accordingly. doi 10.1007/978-3-642-11598-1_32
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Many countries and health systems are pursuing integrated care as a means of achieving better outcomes. However, no standard approaches exist for comparing integration approaches across models or settings, and for evaluating whether the key components of integrated care are present in different initiatives. This study sheds light on how integrated care is being implemented in Australia, using a new tool to characterise and compare integration strategies at micro, meso and macro levels. In total, 114 staff from a purposive sample of 38 integrated care projects completed a survey based on the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care. Ten key informants gave follow-up interviews. Participating projects reported using multiple strategies to implement integrated care, but descriptions of implementation were often inconsistent. Micro-level strategies, including clinical-professional service coordination and person-centred care, were most commonly reported. A common vision was often described as an essential foundation for joint work. However, performance feedback appeared under-utilised, as did strategies requiring macro-level action such as data linkages or payment reform. The results suggest that current integrated care efforts are unevenly weighted towards micro-level strategies. Increased attention to macro-level strategies may be warranted in order to accelerate progress and sustain integrated care in Australia.
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The focus of this paper is on the generation of food waste by small and micro restaurants, specifically on the perceptions of representatives of these restaurants. Do they perceive this generation of food waste as problematic, and do they perceive that they have enough knowledge about how to minimize this generated food waste? With data from a sample of 200 Dutch restaurants, which were collected through surveys and analyzed with regression analysis, we came to two key findings. The first key finding is that our respondents hardly perceive the food waste that is generated in their own restaurant as problematic. The second key finding is that they perceive they have limited knowledge about how to minimize the food waste that is generated in their own restaurant. The main influencing factor for both perceptions appeared to be the actual level of food waste generated in their own restaurant. This paper continues with a number of recommendations for future research, to apply other research techniques and to study other sectors as well. The paper ends with practical recommendations for the representatives of the small and micro restaurants, as the findings of this paper suggest a need for targeted educational and training programs to enhance food waste management in their restaurants, contributing to broader sustainability goals.
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In een tijd waarin de wereld geconfronteerd wordt met een toenemende bevolking en de daaruit voortvloeiende behoefte aan voedsel, staat het lectoraat Eiwittransitie voor een uiterst relevante uitdaging. De groeiende vraag naar eiwitten en de noodzaak om onze consumptiegewoonten in balans te krijgen met natuur en onze gezondheid vormen de kern van de missie van dit lectoraat.
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In dit artikel worden ontwikkelingen rond pesten in het Nederlandse onderwijs beschreven. Vanuit een systemisch perspectief op pesten, worden pesten en sociale veiligheid gedefinieerd. Het model Pesten op een continuüm tussen leren leven en overleven met kwetsbaarheid als gegeven, maakt duidelijk dat pesten en sociale veiligheid niet simpel elkaars tegenovergestelde zijn. Beide hebben kwetsbaarheid als bron. Die kwetsbaarheid vraagt om erkenning en beheer. Er wordt beschreven welke keuzes er in dat kader voor een school te maken zijn op micro-, meso- en macroniveau. In een conclusie wordt gesteld dat werken aan sociale veiligheid vooral werken aan vertrouwen is; een gezamenlijk leerproces waarin bijdragen mogelijk worden gemaakt van betrokkenen op verschillende niveaus. Sociale veiligheid is een van de mogelijke uitkomsten van parallelle processen die op ieder niveau geïnitieerd kunnen worden.
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Micro Ring Resonators (MRRs) have become the workhorse in photonics, both for data/telecomas well as bio-chemical sensing applications. In this contribution the use of MRRs as sensors for food-safety applications will be discussed.
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In the multi-billion dollar game industry, time to market limits the time developers have for improving games. Game designers and software engineers usually live on opposite sides of the fence, and both lose time when adjustments best understood by designers are implemented by engineers. Designers lack a common vocabulary for expressing gameplay, which hampers specification, communication and agreement. We aim to speed up the game development process by improving designer productivity and design quality. The language Machinations has introduced a graphical notation for expressing the rules of game economies that is close to a designer’s vocabulary. We present the language Micro- Machinations (MM) that details and formalizes the meaning of a significant subset of Machination’s language features and adds several new features most notably modularization. Next we describe MM Analysis in Rascal (MM AiR), a framework for analysis and simulation of MM models using the Rascal meta-programming language and the Spin model checker. Our approach shows that it is feasible to rapidly simulate game economies in early development stages and to separate concerns. Today’s meta-programming technology is a crucial enabler to achieve this.
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