In de ochtend van 13 januari 2018 kregen de inwoners van Hawaii een schokkend bericht op hun mobieltjes. Een officieel overheidsbericht. “Ballistic missile threat inbound to Hawaii. Seek immediate shelter. This is not a drill.”. Het was net de tijd dat de spanningen tussen de V.S en Korea hoog opliepen. Hawaii was het enige stukje Amerikaans grondgebied dat Kim Jung Il met een nucleaire raketlading kon bereiken. De optelsom was dus snel gemaakt: het eiland zou geraakt worden door een nucleair projectiel. Je zou denken dat dat tot massale paniek onder de bevolking zou leiden, want geschikte schuilplaatsen waren niet voorhanden. De reactie onder de bevolking was echter vrij rustig. Maar wel heel verschillend.
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Op 28 augustus 2014 heb ik een 'oral presentation' gegeven op het European Health Psychology Society congres te Innsbruck. De abstract van het artikel die ik gepresenteerd heb is gepubliceerd op de website van EHPS (zie bijgevoegd de link) The aim was to quantify the relationship between behavioural determinants and dental health behaviour among 9-18 year old children. Methods: Searches were conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL and EMBASE. In total 25 studies were included, which addressed 16 variables. A weighted average effect size correlation (WAES r) was calculated per determinant and dental health behaviour. According to Cohen (1988) effect sizes can be considered as small (r = 0.10), medium (r = 0.30) and large (r = 0.50). Findings: All WAES r’s were significant and revealed a positive relation between determinant and dental health behaviour. Large effects were found for coping planning and self-efficacy. Medium-to-large effects were found for the determinants: intention, affective attitude, and action planning. The WAES r was small-to-medium effects were found for: social norms, cognitive attitude, knowledge, parental oral health behaviour and parental cognitions. Discussion: Although the number of studies focusing on volitional factors are limited, the overall findings highlight the importance of volitional factors, rather than knowledge or motivational factors in explaining dental health behaviour. Refbacks There are currently no refbacks.
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Purpose: Literature detailing the effectiveness of school-based physical activity promotion in- terventions in prevocational adolescents was reviewed to identify effective intervention characteristics.Methods: The search strategy assessed studies against inclusion criteria study design, study population, school setting, language, and construct. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed, and extractions were made of the physical activity (PA) level outcome measures and intervention characteristics regarding organizational, social, and content features. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the overall effect of the interventions on the PA level. Identification of effective intervention characteristics was done by subgroup analyses. Meta-regression analysis was performed with PA level as dependent variable and intervention characteristics as covariates. Results: A total of 40 eligible studies was included for meta-analyses. Among the included studies, the overall intervention effect on increasing the PA level of prevocational adolescents was weak (standardized mean difference [SMD] .19, 95% confidence interval [CI] .12e.27). Intervention characteristics that improve the effect size to a moderate level were intracurricular PA (SMD .43, 95% CI .19e.68), involving school staff in an intracurricular intervention (SMD .37, 95% CI .16e.58) and a tailored intracurricular intervention (SMD .35, 95% CI .13e.58). Meta-regression analysis confirmed PA as a positive predictor.Conclusions: The effect of a school-based PA intervention was small to moderate. A sensible choice in the assembly of a multicomponent school-based PA intervention increases the effectiveness considerably. Physical education teachers, school administrators, and policy makers should consider organizational (intracurriculum, short and medium duration), personal (tailoring, participation), social (school staff) and content (PA) determinants.
MULTIFILE
