Dit hoofdstuk beschrijft acht fundamentele problemen, die zich voordoen als men competenties, in de betekenis die gangbare definities aan dit begrip verlenen, probeert te meten in het onderwijs. Uit het betoog vloeit een dilemma voort: we kunnen niet meten wat we in competentiegericht onderwijs zouden willen meten. Wat we wel kunnen meten, zijn geen 'echte' competenties. Uit dit dilemma wordt een uitweg gezocht.
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Dit hoofdstuk beschrijft acht fundamentele problemen, die zich voordoen als men competenties, in de betekenis die gangbare definities aan dit begrip verlenen, probeert te meten in het onderwijs. Uit het betoog vloeit een dilemma voort: we kunnen niet meten wat we in competentiegericht onderwijs zouden willen meten. Wat we wel kunnen meten, zijn geen 'echte' competenties. Uit dit dilemma wordt een uitweg gezocht.
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BACKGROUND: Integrated care is essential for improving the management and health outcomes for people with Parkinson's disease (PD); reliable and objective measures of care integration are few.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care Measurement Tool (RMIC-MT, provider version) for healthcare professionals involved in PD care.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was administered online to an international network representing 95 neurology centers across 41 countries and 588 healthcare providers. Exploratory factor analysis with principal axis extraction method was used to assess construct validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate model fit of the RMIC-MT provider version. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the internal consistency reliability.RESULTS: Overall, 371 care providers (62% response rate) participated in this study. No item had psychometric sensitivity problems. Nine factors (professional coordination, cultural competence, triple aims outcome, system coordination, clinical coordination, technical competence, community-centeredness, person-centeredness, and organizational coordination) with 42 items were determined by exploratory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.76 (clinical coordination) to 0.94 (system coordination) and showed significant correlation among all items in the scale (>0.4), indicating good internal consistency reliability. The confirmatory factor analysis model passed most goodness-of-fit tests, thereby confirming the factor structure of nine categories with a total of 40 items.CONCLUSIONS: The results provide evidence for the construct validity and other psychometric properties of the provider version of the RMIC-MT to measure integrated care in PD. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Dit boekje is een methodische handreiking voor onderwijsontwikkelaars, docenten, management, werkveldpartners en studenten om stapsgewijs een competentiegestuurde leeromgeving te ontwerpen.
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Purpose: The Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA©) is a validated nutritional screening, assessment, triage, and monitoring tool. The aim of this study was to perform translation, cultural adaptation, linguistic, and content validation of the translated and culturally adapted version of the PG-SGA for the Polish setting. Methods: The study was performed in concordance with the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Principles. Patients (n = 174) and healthcare professionals (HCPs, n = 188) participated in the study. Comprehensibility and difficulty were assessed by patients for the PG-SGA Short Form, and by HCPs for the professional component. Content validity was assessed for the full PG-SGA by HCPs only. Evaluations were operationalized by a 4-point scale. Item and scale indices were calculated using the average item ratings divided by the number of respondents. Item indices < 0.78 required further analysis of the item, while scale indices ≥ 0.90 were defined as excellent and 0.80–0.89 as acceptable. Results: The PG-SGA Short Form was rated as excellent for content validity (Scale-CVI = 0.90) by HCPs and easy to comprehend (Scale-CI = 0.96) and use (Scale-DI = 0.94) by patients. The professional component of the PG-SGA was perceived as acceptable for content validity (Scale-CVI = 0.80), comprehension (Scale-CI = 0.87), and difficulty (Scale-DI = 0.80). The physical exam was rated the least comprehensible and the most difficult, and with the lowest content validity. We found significant differences in scale indices (p < 0.05 for all) between HCPs with different professions and between those being familiar with PG-SGA and not. Conclusion: Translation and cultural adaptation of the PG-SGA for the Polish setting preserved the purpose and conceptual meaning of the original PG-SGA. Validation revealed that the Polish version of PG-SGA is well understood and easy to complete by patients and professionals, and is considered relevant by professionals. However, detailed results indicate the need for appropriate training of the Polish HCPs, especially physicians and nurses, mainly in the worksheets related to the metabolic demand and physical exam.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and validity of a shortened version of the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care (RMIC) measurement tool (MT). The original version of the measurement tool has been modified (shortened) for the Australian context.DESIGN: Validation of the psychometric properties of the RMIC-MT.SETTING: Healthcare providers providing services to a geographically defined rural area in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.PARTICIPANTS: A sample of 56 healthcare providers providing mental and physical healthcare.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The psychometric properties of the tool were tested using principal component analysis for validity and Cronbach's alpha for reliability.RESULTS: The tool was shown to have good validity and reliability. The 35 items used in the shortened version of the tool were reduced to 29 items grouped into four dimensions: community-governance orientation, normative integration, functional integration and clinical-professional coordination.CONCLUSIONS: The shortened version of the RMIC-MT is a valid and reliable tool that evaluates integrated care from a healthcare provider's perspective in NSW, Australia. In order to assess the tool's appropriateness in an international context, future studies should focus on validating the tool in other healthcare settings.
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In onderwijs- en arbeidsorganisaties bestaan grote problemen op het gebied van loopbaanontwikkeling. Veel scholieren en studenten vallen uit of switchen vroeg of vaak van opleiding. Veel arbeidsrelaties zijn voor werknemer of werkgever onbevredigend, maar duren toch voort. Uit onderzoek blijkt dat goede loopbaanbegeleiding helpt om dergelijke problemen te voorkomen of op te lossen. Hoewel hiermee in materiële en immateriële zin veel te verdienen valt, is goede loopbaanbegeleiding zeldzaam. Hoe komt dit? Er zijn de laatste jaren in het beroepsonderwijs grote investeringen in studieloopbaanbegeleiding gedaan. Waarom leveren deze inspanningen niet meer op? Waarom wordt in arbeidsorganisaties niet meer aan loopbaanbegeleiding gedaan? Hoe kan het beter? Dit zijn enkele van de vragen die in deze oratie aan de orde komen. Voor een deel wordt de stagnatie verklaard door de versnippering van het vakgebied. Daarnaast speelt het voortbestaan van hardnekkige, inadequate, maar dominante beelden een rol, zoals het beeld van 'de goede keuze', die het individu moet maken door informatie te verzamelen en na te denken. Wat is daar misleidend aan? Wat zijn de consequenties? Hoe kunnen we dit beeld bijstellen? Onder meer de risico's van reflectie komen aan de orde.
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