What would Dutch society lose if the Tourism and Recreation sector does not survive and what is needed to preserve its societal value and, preferably even, enhance this value? In this report a combination of methods is used to answer the research question: a literature study, case studies, and a survey among entrepreneurs. A substantial number of scientific articles, advisory reports and conference contributions were analysed in various contexts and for different forms of T&R. In the literature study societal contributions were brought together in a structured manner. The cases reflect the breadth of the sector and serve as good examples of how the sector achieves its societal value, but they also illustrate the challenges. The survey produced several insights. Respondents were asked, for instance, to indicate for each societal value whether they saw a positive, negative or no contribution of the sector. By means of a points system a top 25 was composed and put into a table., this table was used to structure the findings from the study.
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In tourism and recreation management it is still common practice to apply traditional input-output (IO) economic impact models, despite their well-known limitations. In this study the authors analyse the usefulness of applying a non-linear input-output (NLIO) model, in which price-induced input substitution is accounted for. For large changes in final demand, a NLIO model is more useful than a traditional IO model, leading to higher or lower impacts. For small changes in final demand input substitution is less likely. In that case the application of the NLIO may lead to the same results as a traditional IO model. To analyse changes of subsidies, a traditional IO model is not an option. A more flexible model, such as the NLIO, is required. The NLIO model forces researchers to make choices about capacity constraints, factor mobility and the substitution elasticity, which can be difficult but create flexibility and allow for more realism.
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National forestry Commission (SBB) and National Park De Biesbosch. Subcontractor through NRITNational parks with large flows of visitors have to manage these flows carefully. Methods of data collection and analysis can be of help to support decision making. The case of the Biesbosch National Park is used to find innovative ways to figure flows of yachts, being the most important component of water traffic, and to create a model that allows the estimation of changes in yachting patterns resulting from policy measures. Recent policies oriented at building additional waterways, nature development areas and recreational concentrations in the park to manage the demands of recreation and nature conservation offer a good opportunity to apply this model. With a geographical information system (GIS), data obtained from aerial photographs and satellite images can be analyzed. The method of space syntax is used to determine and visualize characteristics of the network of leisure routes in the park and to evaluate impacts resulting from expected changes in the network that accompany the restructuring of waterways.
The objective of Waterrecreatie Nederland is to improve water recreation in the Netherlands. One of the focus points that the foundation focuses on is strengthening sustainable water recreation. With this study, Waterrecreatie Nederland wants to map the current CO2 emissions of recreational shipping (here: sailing and motor boats), in order to be able to report and communicate about this, and also as a baseline measurement for future monitoring in this area.Societal IssueShipping has a substantial impact on several environmental systems, amongst others through air and water pollution, and its contribution to climate change. The role of recreational shipping in these issues is not well known, as measurements are scarce and often partly based on assumptions. Benifit to societyThis project tries to strengthen the knowledge base on the carbon (CO2) emissions of recreational shipping in the Netherlands, and to provide detail on fuel use, fuel types, distances, etc. That knowledge can help in making more informed choices on the future development of recreational shipping, with a lower impact on climate change.
Het ministerie van Infrastructuur en Waterstaat (IenW), directie Duurzame Mobiliteit, heeft aan Breda University of Applied Sciences (BUas) verzocht om een onderzoek uit te voeren naar de CO2 voetafdruk – de zgn. carbon footprint - van de recreatieve mobiliteit in Nederland in 2023. Dit op basis van het nieuwe Nederlands Vrije-tijdsonderzoek (NVTO), wat een completer beeld over recreatieve bestemmingen moet geven dan eerder onderzoek op basis van de ‘Onderweg in Nederland’ (OdiN) dataset (Martensen et al., 2023). Het onderzoek moet de directie Duurzame Mobiliteit van IenW helpen bij de verduurzaming van recreatieve mobiliteit, als onderdeel van het behalen van klimaatdoelstellingen. Het uiteindelijk doel is om in beeld te brengen wat de carbon footprint van aan recreatie gerelateerde mobiliteit in Nederland is.De hoofdvraag luidt:“Hoe ziet de CO2-uitstoot van recreatieve reizen door de inwoners van Nederland eruit, voor verschillende recreatieve bestemmingen en reizigers(doel)groepen?”Societal IssueHet reduceren van CO2 uitstoot door personenmobiliteit is een van de werkzaamheden van de directie Duurzame Mobiliteit van IenW om aan de klimaatdoelstellingen te werken. Recreatieve mobiliteit – verplaatsingen van en naar een recreatieve bestemming door bezoekers van die recreatieve bestemming – is hier een onderdeel van. Een eerste stap in het krijgen van meer inzicht in de uitstoot van recreatieve mobiliteit vormde het rapport ‘CO2 uitstoot bij recreatieve verplaatsingen’ door het KiM (Martensen et al., 2023), op basis van de dataset ‘Onderweg in Nederland’ (OdiN). IenW wil op basis van de dataset van het NVTO extra inzicht verkrijgen in recreatief reizigersgedrag en bijbehorende uitstoot, om hiermee beleid beter te kunnen ontwikkelen en af te stemmen. IenW wil inzicht op welke manier Nederlanders, en verschillende groepen daarbinnen, naar recreatieve bestemmingen reizen en hoeveel CO2-uitstoot hiermee gepaard gaat. Benefit to societyCarbon footprint rapportages bieden bedrijven, organisaties en overheden de mogelijkheid om de consequenties van klimaatbeleid in te kunnen schatten, strategische beslissingen te nemen, en bijvoorbeeld producten en communicatie aan te passen.
