The concept of autonomy has received considerable attention in both –philosophy and psychology. From the perspective of philosophy, autonomy refers to self-governance of one’s actions. In psychological theory, the focus has been more on human beings striving to experience autonomy and self-determination. In this entry, we will examine the elusive concept of autonomy from different theoretical angels and focus in particular on how autonomy emerges through social interactions and how it develops over the course of the lifespan. We will pay special attention to the role autonomy plays in creativity and the exploration of the possible.
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Western societies are quickly becoming less coherent (Giddens, 1991). As a result it is increasingly unclear how individuals should act in a range of situations or how they may understand themselves. To a certain extent this development towards more diverse perspectives and a broader range of ways to act is a positive one, as cultures can only develop as they are confronted with different perspectives. A uniform culture would simply reach a standstill. That said, current society now demands of its citizens that they become increasingly self-reliant and by extension develop a capacity to be self-governing. On the labour market self-reliance and self-determination have been considered par for the course even longer. It is no surprise then that terms like self-direction, self-governing teams, employability and resilience are considered part of the standard repertoire of politicians and employers (Van der Heijden & De Vos, 2017). Within the social sciences, an ability to be self-governing and self-reliant are terms that are associated with the concept “agency”. However, the latter is a fairly vague, multidimensional concept (Arthur, 2014) that refers to the ‘scope of action’ an individual has in a fluid society (Bauman, 2000). In this article we would like to explore the concept of ‘agency’ further whereby we focus on the role of imagination in enacting it. https://doi.org/10.1177/1038416218777832 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/reinekke-lengelle-phd-767a4322/
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In het hoger onderwijs wordt het pedagogisch klimaat veronachtzaamd. Het concept wordt niet mee in beschouwing genomen bij onderwijsinnovatie en onderwijsonderzoek. Dit artikel definieert het concept voor het hbo en werkt het uit op basis van de Zelf-Determinatie Theorie van Ryan en Deci (2000). Zowel voor volwassen werknemers als voor jonge leerlingen geldt dat zij binnen een klimaat dat tegemoet komt aan hun psychologische basisbehoeften aan relatie, competentie en autonomie, beter presteren en een hogere mate van welbevinden ervaren. Belangrijke factor daarin is de stimulans van hun autonome motivatie. Verkennend onderzoek onder studenten en docenten van de Academie voor Sociale Professies wijst op toegevoegde waarde van het in beschouwing nemen van een pedagogisch klimaat bij het overwegen van maatregelen om studiesucces te verbeteren. Een heldere kijk op het pedagogisch klimaat kan het ondersteunen van de motivatie van studenten en zodoende het verbeteren van hun leren theoretisch en empirisch verankeren. ABSTRACT In Dutch Higher Education, no attention is being paid to the Pedagogical Climate in schools. The concept is omitted in educational research as well as in innovative practices. This article defines the concept for use in Higher Education, making use of Ryan and Deci's Self Determination Theory (2000). The performance and well-being of adult employees as well as schoolchildren improve when their basic needs of relation, competence and autonomy are satisfied. A Pedagogical Climate that does so facilitates autonomous motivation. Explorative research done among teachers and students of the Academy of Social Work indicates surplus value of taking into account the Pedagogical Climate when considering various policies aimed to improve study success. Having a clear theoretical and empirical view of the Pedagogical Climate can firmly root initiatives to support students' motivation and help their learning.