By applying Axiomatic Design, a Smart Medical Cast was developed to provide patients, who are suffering from forearm fractures, with a personalized healing process. The device monitors the overall healing status and three complications, which are: Muscle Atrophy, Compartment Syndrome, and Deep Vein Thrombosis. In the conceptual phase, desk research has been performed to find biomarkers that correlate with the monitored processes. Per biomarker, a measuring principle has been designed and these combined formed the design of the smart medical cast. Following the design phase, two tests were performed on healthy individuals to measure the robustness in a real application. The first test focused on correctly measuring the biomarkers and further specifying the sensor specifications. For the second test, a new prototype was used to determine correlations between the measured data and the monitored process and the impact of application during the casting process. The test results show that the measuring system can measure the biomarkers within the expected range, except for bone density. No significant impact on the casting process was measured. The Smart Medical Cast has only been evaluated in situations without a fracture, the next step will be to test the measurables in an environment with a fracture
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BACKGROUND: The design and manufacturing of effective foot orthoses is a complex multidisciplinary problem involving biomedical and gait pattern aspects, technical material and geometric design elements as well as psychological and social contexts. This complexity contributes to the current trial-and-error and experience-based orthopedic footwear practice in which a major part of the expertise is implicit. This hampers knowledge transfer, reproducibility and innovation. OBJECTIVE/METHODS: A systematic review of literature has been performed to find evidence of explicit knowledge, quantitative guidelines and design motivations of pedorthists. RESULTS: 17 studies have been included. No consensus is found on which measurable parameters ensure proper foot and ankle functioning. Parameters suggested are: neutral foot positioning and control of rearfoot motion, maximum arch, but also tibial internal/external rotation as well as a three point force system. Also studies evaluating foot orthoses centering on the diagnosis or orthosis type find no clear guidelines for treatment or for measuring the effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS: A gap in the translation from diagnosis to a specific, customized and quantified effective orthosis design is identified. Suggested solutions are both top-down, fitting of patient data in simulations, as well as bottom-up, quantifying current practices of pedorthists in order to develop new practical guidelines and evidence-based procedures.
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Proper decision-making is one of the most important capabilities of an organization. Therefore, it is important to have a clear understanding and overview of the decisions an organization makes. A means to understanding and modeling decisions is the Decision Model and Notation (DMN) standard published by the Object Management Group in 2015. In this standard, it is possible to design and specify how a decision should be taken. However, DMN lacks elements to specify the actors that fulfil different roles in the decision-making process as well as not taking into account the autonomy of machines. In this paper, we re-address and-present our earlier work [1] that focuses on the construction of a framework that takes into account different roles in the decision-making process, and also includes the extent of the autonomy when machines are involved in the decision-making processes. Yet, we extended our previous research with more detailed discussion of the related literature, running cases, and results, which provides a grounded basis from which further research on the governance of (semi) automated decision-making can be conducted. The contributions of this paper are twofold; 1) a framework that combines both autonomy and separation of concerns aspects for decision-making in practice while 2) the proposed theory forms a grounded argument to enrich the current DMN standard.
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Het onderzoeksproject gaat over het inbedden van smart technologie om de huidige immobilisatieoplossingen, veelal gips, te optimaliseren en het ontwerpen van slimme alternatieven voor het huidige gips.Doel Doel van het onderzoek Slim Gips is inzicht verkrijgen in de mogelijkheden van slimme immobilisatie oplossingen. Deze inzichten worden gebruikt voor het ontwikkelen van nieuwe ontwerpen met behulp van sensoren én voor het ontwikkelen van alternatieven voor de huidige immobilisatie oplossingen m.b.v. nieuwe vervaardigingstechnieken. Resultaten Het vergroten van inzicht in het immobilisatieproces voor behandelaars -zoals gipsmeesters- door het gebruik van ingebedde technologie. Dit leidt ertoe dat de behandelaars de behandeling nog beter af kunnen stemmen op de patiënt. (Oplossingen voor) alternatieven voor immobilisatie alsook het bieden van een ontwerpmethodologie en richtlijnen voor het ontwerpen van smart medical casts en alternatieven. Looptijd 01 september 2022 - 01 september 2026 Aanpak Volgens design inclusive research, waarbij design ingebed is als onderzoeksmiddel. Het onderzoek wordt in samen werking met onder andere het UMCU en het Reinier Haga Orthopedisch centrum uitgevoerd.
