The volume of biogas produced in agricultural areas is expected to increase in coming years. An increasing number of local and regional initiatives show a growing interest in decentralized energy production, wherein biogas can play a role. Biogas transport from production sites to user, i.e. a CHP, boiler or an upgrading installation, induces a scale advantage and an efficiency increase. Therefore the exploration of the costs and energy use of biogas transport using a dedicated infrastructure is needed. A model was developed to describe a regional biogas grid that is used to collect biogas from several digesters and deliver it to a central point. The model minimizes transport costs per volumetric unit of biogas in a region. Results are presented for different digester scales, different sizes of the biomass source area and two types of grid lay-out: a star lay-out and a fishbone lay-out. The model shows that transport costs in a fishbone lay-out are less than 10 Vct m3 for a digester scale of 100 m3 h1; for the star lay-outcosts can go up to 45 Vct m3. For 1800 m3 h1 digesters, these values are 4.0 Vct m3 and 6.1 Vct m3, respectively. The results indicate that cooperation between biogas producers in collecting biogas by means of a fishbone lay-out reduces the biogas transport costs relative to using a star lay-out. Merging smaller digesters into a smaller number of larger ones reduces the costs of biogas transport for the same biomass source area.
DOCUMENT
A model to describe biogas transport costs in a regional grid is presented. In the model biogas is collected to a central location by transport through dedicated pipelines. Costs have been calculated for two different lay-outs of the grid i.e. star and fishbone lay-out. The costs depend on the covered area and the size of the digesters. Model results show that in a star layout transport costs for small scale digesters are much higher than costs for large scale digesters and costs in a fishbone lay-out are lower than costs in a star lay-out.
DOCUMENT
De kern van dit boekje bestaat uit drie delen die handelen over de volgende onderwerpen: duurzame inkoop bij een rekencentrum conform wetgeving en normen duurzaamheid bij faciliteiten voor en ICT voorzieningen in een rekencentrum sturen naar een duurzaam rekencentrum door informatie en analyse
DOCUMENT
Full text beschikbaar met HU-account. Recensie van Handboek Ethiekondersteuning. De morele spanningsvelden in het sociaal werk nemen de laatste jaren alleen maar toe, en de recente transities en transformaties hebben de dilemmadichtheid en handelingsverlegenheid alleen maar vergroot. Veel sociale professionals ervaren dan ook de behoefte aan ondersteuning op het vlak van beroepsethiek. Een recente publicatie biedt wat de titel belooft: een handboek waarin de belangrijkste aspecten van praktijkgerichte ethiekondersteuning voor zorgprofessionals aan de orde worden gesteld. Achtereenvolgens wordt aandacht besteed aan de achtergronden van ethiekondersteuning (het waarom en waartoe), de verschillende werkvormen die daarvoor beschikbaar zijn (zoals advisering, moreel beraad en scholing), de benodigde expertise voor ethiekondersteuning, het verankeren van ethiekondersteuning in de organisatie, en de rol van de leiding hierbij.
MULTIFILE
In wheelchair sports, the use of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) has proven to be one of the most accessible ways for ambulatory measurement of wheelchair kinematics. A three-IMU configuration, with one IMU attached to the wheelchair frame and two IMUs on each wheel axle, has previously shown accurate results and is considered optimal for accuracy. Configurations with fewer sensors reduce costs and could enhance usability, but may be less accurate. The aim of this study was to quantify the decline in accuracy for measuring wheelchair kinematics with a stepwise sensor reduction. Ten differently skilled participants performed a series of wheelchair sport specific tests while their performance was simultaneously measured with IMUs and an optical motion capture system which served as reference. Subsequently, both a one-IMU and a two-IMU configuration were validated and the accuracy of the two approaches was compared for linear and angular wheelchair velocity. Results revealed that the one-IMU approach show a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.10 m/s for absolute linear velocity and a MAE of 8.1◦/s for wheelchair angular velocity when compared with the reference system. The twoIMU approach showed similar differences for absolute linear wheelchair velocity (MAE 0.10 m/s), and smaller differences for angular velocity (MAE 3.0◦/s). Overall, a lower number of IMUs used in the configuration resulted in a lower accuracy of wheelchair kinematics. Based on the results of this study, choices regarding the number of IMUs can be made depending on the aim, required accuracy and resources available.
DOCUMENT
Green data centres are the talk of the day. But who in fact is involved in developing green data centres? What is their contribution? And what does this contribution constitute in practical terms? This article states which stakeholders are involved in green data centres in the Netherlands, what their involvement is and what effect their involvement has. The article starts by giving the definitions for sustainability and by determining the stakeholders and their possibilities in this field. Next, we examine the actual impact of each stakeholder for arriving at greener data centres. This leads to a number of conclusions for achieving a larger degree of sustainability.
DOCUMENT
A 4*4 PitStop is a metaphor for the work method or format used for a pop-up professional network. The method is designed to allow work, innovation and learning to go hand in hand. This format is based on the goals and direction provided by the participating professionals themselves. With this guide, we are sharing the results with professionals who want to start their own 4*4 PitStop.
DOCUMENT
Abstract Purpose Sharing and developing digital educational resources and open educational resources has been proposed as a way to harmonize and improve clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education in European medical schools. Previous research, however, has shown that there are barriers to the adoption and implementation of open educational resources. The aim of this study was to determine perceived opportunities and barriers to the use and creation of open educational resources among European CPT teachers and possible solutions for these barriers. Methods CPT teachers of British and EU medical schools completed an online survey. Opportunities and challenges were identified by thematic analyses and subsequently discussed in an international consensus meeting. Results Data from 99 CPT teachers from 95 medical schools were analysed. Thirty teachers (30.3%) shared or collaboratively produced digital educational resources. All teachers foresaw opportunities in the more active use of open educational resources, including improving the quality of their teaching. The challenges reported were language barriers, local differences, lack of time, technological issues, difficulties with quality management, and copyright restrictions. Practical solutions for these challenges were discussed and include a peer review system, clear indexing, and use of copyright licenses that permit adaptation of resources. Conclusion Key challenges to making greater use of CPT open educational resources are a limited applicability of such resources due to language and local differences and quality concerns. These challenges may be resolved by relatively simple measures, such as allowing adaptation and translation of resources and a peer review system.
MULTIFILE
Provincie Gelderland heeft opdracht gegeven voor dit onderzoek met als hoofdvraag: Welke ondersteuning kunnen gemeenten in de provincie Gelderland geven ten behoeve van het welslagen van burgerinitiatieven op het terrein van zorg, welzijn en leefbaarheid? Als deelvragen zijn gehanteerd: 1. Welke concrete initiatieven zijn er te vinden in de provincie op het terrein van zorg en welzijn? 2. Wat zijn volgens de initiatiefnemers de belangrijkste succes- en faalfactoren van hun initiatieven? 3. Wat hebben de initiatiefnemers nodig van gemeenten om hun initiatief succesvol te maken of te houden? Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd als participatief onderzoek, waarbij de opdrachtgever zelf belangrijke onderdelen van het onderzoek (dataverzameling, contact met respondenten, voeren van verdiepende gesprekken in focusgroepen) zelf uitvoerde. De belangrijkste factor voor het slagen dan wel falen van een burgerinitiatief is het enthousiasme, het doorzettingsvermogen en de gerichte focus van initiatiefnemers zelf. Van de gemeente hebben zij vooral een duidelijk aanspreekpunt nodig en duidelijkheid over de koers van het beleid, met name hoe de transities in het sociale domein concreet zullen worden vormgegeven. Aanbevolen wordt dat gemeenten heldere criteria hanteren om burgerinitiatieven al dan niet financieel te ondersteunen, en dat ook burgerinitiatieven zelf goed nagaan in hoeverre zij een betaald professioneel kader nodig hebben.
DOCUMENT
Samen wonen, samen leven is het resultaat van een unieke samenwerking tussen BeBright, Rabobank, Hogeschool Utrecht en het Kenniscentrum Sociale Innovatie. Met steun van alle partijen en het ministerie VWS is onderzocht welke praktische inzichten naar voren komen na onderzoek van een selectie van succesvolle woonzorggemeenschappen. Wat kunnen geïnteresseerde partijen zich ter harte nemen wanneer zij een vitale, inclusieve en vooral duurzame woonzorggemeenschap willen initiëren? Voor ontwikkelaars, zorginstellingen, woningcorporaties, gemeentes, vrijwilligersorganisaties, burgers, bewoners en andere geïnteresseerden biedt dit boek een schat aan inzicht en wenken voor versnelling en opschalen. Voor iedereen die een zorgzame samenleving dichterbij wil brengen.
DOCUMENT
