Het proces van toenemende schuldenproblematiek blijkt zich maar moeilijk te laten doorbreken. Wat vroegsignalering kan betekenen: Vroegsignalering om erger te voorkomen. De tekst van dit artikel is gebaseerd op de openbare les (lectorale rede) van Tamara Madern, begin oktober 2017 gepresenteerd bij de Hogeschool Utrecht.
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Human activity is omnipresent in our landscapes. Animals can perceive risk from humans similar to predation risk, which could affect their fitness. We assessed the influence of the relative intensity of recreational activities on the bodyweight and pregnancy rates of red deer (Cervus elaphus) between 1985 and 2015. We hypothesized that stress, as a result of recreational activities, affects the pregnancy rates of red deer directly and indirectly via a reduction in bodyweight. Furthermore, we expected non-motorized recreational activities to have a larger negative effect on both bodyweight and fecundity, compared to motorized recreational activities. The intensity of recreational activities was recorded through visual observations. We obtained pregnancy data from female red deer that were shot during the regular hunting season. Additionally, age and bodyweight were determined through a post-mortem examination. We used two Generalized-Linear-Mixed Models (GLMM) to test the effect of different types of recreation on (1) pregnancy rates and (2) bodyweight of red deer. Recreation had a direct negative correlation with the fecundity of red deer, with bodyweight, as a mediator as expected. Besides, we found a negative effect of non-motorized recreation on fecundity and bodyweight and no significant effect of motorized recreation. Our results support the concept of humans as an important stressor affecting wild animal populations at a population level and plead to regulate recreational activities in protected areas that are sensitive. The fear humans induce in large-bodied herbivores and its consequences for fitness may have strong implications for animal populations.Projectnummer: SVB/RAAK.PRO 02.048
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Abstract: Plan adaptation during the course of (chemo)radiotherapy of H&N cancer requires repeat CT scanning to capture anatomy changes such as parotid gland shrinkage. Hydration, applied to prevent nephrotoxicity from cisplatin, could temporarily alter the hydrogen balance and hence the captured anatomy. The aim of this study was to determine geometric changes of parotid glands as function of hydration during chemoradiotherapy compared to a control group treated with radiotherapy only.
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In Nederland ontstaan nieuwe voedselbossen en er worden nog veel meer plannen gemaakt. Is het mogelijk om een kijkje te nemen in de winstgevendheid van een voedselbos?Dit onderzoek leverde een flexibel rekeninstrument op; ‘Rekentool’ door alle kennis en resultaten van eerdere onderzoeksprojecten te combineren.
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De Catshuisregeling voor gedupeerde ouders van de kinderopvangtoeslagaffaire stemt in het geheel niet positief. De doelstelling, een snelle genoegdoening, is voor het merendeel van de ouders buiten bereik. Ouders worden opnieuw vermalen, omdat de regeling geen rechtszekerheid biedt vanwege een gebrek aan heldere beslissingscriteria. De helft van de aanvragen is afgewezen. Met name de ouders met een complex dossier met een schade boven € 30.000 wacht een lange weg naar de Commissie Werkelijke Schade totdat hun werkelijke schade vergoed wordt. Niet duidelijk is welke schade in voldoende causaal verband staat en voor vergoeding in aanmerking komt. Daarbij hebben ouders voldoende rechtsbijstand nodig om hun zaak te onderbouwen, ook dat lijkt nu onvoldoende gewaarborgd. Het kabinet moet daarom met spoed terug naar de tekentafel.
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In the Netherlands a large number of households is overindebted. Despite the economic prosperity, 20% of the households has to deal with large debts. Dissatisfaction with the position of debtors has grown in recent years. Numerous initiatives are being launched to improve their position. New legislation is provided for and municipalities are starting up all kinds of pilots. There is momentum for improvement. It is important that all initiatives are coordinated. In addition, it is also important to investigate what the legislation and initiatives yield.
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Predation risk is a major driver of the distribution of prey animals, which typically show strong responses to cues for predator presence. An unresolved question is whether naïve individuals respond to mimicked cues, and whether such cues can be used to deter prey. We investigated whether playback of wolf sounds induces fear responses in naïve ungulates in a human-dominated landscape from which wolves have been eradicated since 1879. We conducted a playback experiment in mixed-coniferous and broadleaved forest that harboured three cervid and one suid species. At 36 locations, we played wolf sounds, sounds of local sheep or no sounds, consecutively, in random order, and recorded visit rate and group size, using camera traps. Visit rates of cervids and wild boar showed a clear initial reduction to playback of both wolf and sheep sounds, but the type of response differed between sound, forest type and species. For naïve wild boar in particular, responses to predator cues depended on forest type. Effects on visit rate disappeared within 21 days. Group sizes in all the species were not affected by the sound treatment. Our findings suggest that the responses of naïve ungulates to wolf sound seem to be species specific, depend on forest type and wear off in time, indicating habituation. Before we can successfully deter ungulates using predator sound, we should further investigate how different forest types affect the perception of naïve ungulates to these sounds, as responses to predator sound may depend on habitat characteristics.
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The aim of this report is to give an overview of current state of the art in the occurrence and policies regarding affordable age-friendly and eco-friendly solutions in the partner countries. The report consists of the findings from the literature review, the comparative analysis and the reporting of good practices. It aims for the consortium as a whole to gain an understanding of the state of the art and on affordable age and eco-friendly solutions in partner countries and particularly the home and community fields, and to present that knowledge in the form of a written report. The literature review, the analysis of barriers and facilitators, and the survey on existing or even planning good practices in the project countries, will help the partners to build and update a strong knowledge base in these fields. To be closer to the practical issues that define the adaptability of eco and age-friendly solutions in community, the consortium decided to use mostly grey literature and websites for tools and advice, such as governmental pages. Common grey literature publication types include reports (annual, research, technical, project, etc.), working papers, government documents, white papers and evaluations, which will help all partners to reach conclusions around the common field between age and eco-friendly developments. Barriers and facilitators found in each project country will be used for stipulating the right consequence of actions needed, to propose a sound methodology that could – in combination with other actions and stakeholders – promote the implementation of age and eco-friendly principles into the public and private sphere of care for older people. Finally, the selection of good representative practices by each project country can be the basis for a report, and a publication, that depicts the level of maturity and progress of the notions of age-friendliness and eco-friendliness, as well as their impact on the care of older people.
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In de publieke dienstverlening gericht op de aanpak van schulden, werkloosheid en de inning van de eigen bijdrage Wet maatschappelijke ondersteuning (Wmo) 2015 en de wanbetalersregeling zijn lager opgeleiden oververtegenwoordigd. Publieke dienstverleners hebben aandacht voor deze groep maar zijn ook zoekend wat zij nodig heeft om haar weg in de verschillende voorzieningen beter te vinden. Om daar meer beelden bij te krijgen heeft het lectoraat Schulden en Incasso van het Kenniscentrum Sociale Innovatie van de Hogeschool Utrecht onderzoek gedaan. De onderzoeksvraag luidt: Welke belemmeringen ervaren specifiek lager opgeleiden bij het gebruik van publieke dienstverlening op het terrein van sociale zekerheid en de financiële kant van het gebruik van zorg en wat is de doorwerking van deze belemmeringen?
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