To successfully develop a system, a solid understanding of its architecture by stakeholders involved in the development of the system is key. This process is supported by System Architects, who have a profession that is often regarded as experience based. However, we argue that it is important to familiarize students with the concept of System Architecting, so that they are at least receptive of the nuances involved and potentially can continue a pathway of development towards such a role. In this paper we explore the potential use of A3 Architecture Overviews (A3AO) as an educational tool to support familiarization with Systems Engineering and Systems Architecting. The A3AO has been developed as a supportive tool to communicate a system’s architecture. It uses diagrams to model and visualize a system with different views and is intended to be printed on a physical A3 paper. It serves as a reference for, and facilitator of design discussions. Skills envisioned to be developed while using an A3AO include strict selection and visualization of information, two critical competencies to handle systems’ complexity. The A3AOs have been applied in a course on Systems Engineering at an applied University in The Netherlands and were part of the assessed deliverables. The relative free-form nature of the A3AO posed students with various dilemmas in their use, but also provided the opportunity for guided development on the envisioned competencies. We conclude that more research is required to further formalize this guided development, but we also experience that the A3AO has the potential to support systems engineering and systems architecting practices in education.
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Presentation of the paper under the same name at the INCOSE SySTEAM: 2023 Inaugural Conference
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In recent years business process management (BPM) and specifically information systems that support the analysis, design and execution of processes (also called business process management systems (BPMS)) are getting more attention. This has lead to an increase in research on BPM and BPMS. However the research on BPMS is mostly focused on the architecture of the system and how to implement such systems. How to select a BPM system that fits the strategy and goals of a specific organization is largely ignored. In this paper we present a BPMS selection method, which is based on research into the criteria that are important for organizations, which are going to implement a BPMS.
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Many quality aspects of software systems are addressed in the existing literature on software architecture patterns. But the aspect of system administration seems to be a bit overlooked, even though it is an important aspect too. In this work we present three software architecture patterns that, when applied by software architects, support the work of system administrators: PROVIDE AN ADMINISTRATION API, SINGLE FILE LOCATION, and CENTRALIZED SYSTEM LOGGING. PROVIDE AN ADMINISTRATION API should solve problems encountered when trying to automate administration tasks. The SINGLE FILE LOCATION pattern should help system administrators to find the files of an application in one (hierarchical) place. CENTRALIZED SYSTEM LOGGING is useful to prevent coming up with several logging formats and locations. Abstract provided by the authors. Published in PLoP '13: Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs ACM.
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Dit essay geeft een systeemvisie op het ontwikkelen van embedded software voor slimme systemen: (mobiele) robots en sensornetwerken.
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Iedereen heeft een groot aantal Embedded Systemen in zijn omgeving, maar weet niet dat ze er zijn. Embedded Sytemen doen hun nuttige werk namelijk "achter de schermen": door elektronica en software slim te combineren en te integreren in een apparaat of machine ontstaan nieuwe toepassingsmogelijkheden die eenvoudiger te bedienen zijn en die bovendien een stuk goedkoper op de markt gebracht kunnen worden dan met conventionele technieken. Dit heeft wel tot gevolg dat de embedded systemen zelf elk jaar complexer worden (om aan de buitenkant simpeler te worden). Het ontwerpen en bouwen van dit soort systemen is dus een stevige technische uitdaging. Een van de belangrijkste voorwaarden is dat de professionals van verschillende vakgebieden goed kunnen samenwerken, vooral over de grenzen van hun eigen vakgebied. Een andere voorwaarde is dat ontwerpers van alle intellectuele niveaus nauw met elkaar moeten samenwerken om het onderste uit de kan te kunnen halen. In de regio Zuidoost Nederland, in een brede strook rond de A67, is een groot aantal bedrijven in de maakindustrie van wereldklasse gevestigd. Het is de maatschappelijke taak van onderwijsinstellingen in het algemeen en Fonts Hogescholen in het bijzonder om voldoende studenten op hoog gekwalificeerd niveau op te leiden, zodat deze bedrijven op wereldniveau kunnen blijven concurreren. Daar wil het Lectoraat Architectuur van Embedded Systemen zo veel mogelijk aan bijdragen door relevant toegepast onderzoek uit te voeren.
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Author supplied from the article: ABSTRACT Increasing global competition in manufacturing technology puts pressure on lead times for product design and production engineering. By the application of effective methods for systems engineering (engineering design), the development risks can be addressed in a structured manner to minimise chances of delay and guarantee timely market introduction. Concurrent design has proven to be effective in markets for high tech systems; the product and its manufacturing means are simultaneously developed starting at the product definition. Unfortunately, not many systems engineering methodologies do support development well in the early stage of the project where proof of concept is still under investigation. The number of practically applicable tools in this stage is even worse. Industry could use a systems engineering method that combines a structured risk approach, concurrent development, and especially enables application in the early stage of product and equipment design. The belief is that Axiomatic Design can provide with a solid foundation for this need. This paper proposes a ‘Constituent Roadmap of Product Design’, based on the axiomatic design methodology. It offers easy access to a broad range of users, experienced and inexperienced. First, it has the ability to evaluate if knowledge application to a design is relevant and complete. Secondly, it offers more detail within the satisfaction interval of the independence axiom. The constituent roadmap is based on recent work that discloses an analysis on information in axiomatic design. The analysis enables better differentiation on project progression in the conceptual stage of design. The constituent roadmap integrates axiomatic design and the methods that harmonise with it. Hence, it does not jeopardise the effectiveness of the methodology. An important feature is the check matrix, a low threshold interface that unlocks the methodology to a larger audience. (Source - PDF presented at ASME IMECE (International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
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Dit artikel beschrijft onderzoek naar de rol die Enterprise Architectuur kan hebben bij het verduurzamen van een organisatie van hoger onderwijs. Hierbij zijn de volgende producten opgeleverd: - Een overzicht van relevante literatuur met betrekking tot Enterprise Architectuur en Duurzaamheid. - Een overzicht van de rol die Enterprise Architectuur speelt in geselecteerde organisaties en instellingen voor Hoger Onderwijs. - Een validatie van de beschreven ‘best practices’. - Lesmateriaal over de rol van Enterprise Architectuur en Duurzaamheid. Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat de rol van Enterprise Architectuur bij het behalen van duurzaamheidsdoelstellingen op dit ogenblik nog gering is. Wel zien de geïnterviewde architecten en duurzaamheidscoördinatoren op termijn een grotere rol weggelegd voor Enterprise Architectuur.
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This report describes "a framework that delivers insight into the tangible and intangible effects of a mobile (IT) system, before it is being implemented".
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The importance of sustainability is rapidly increasing and by now has an increasing impact on the operations of organizations. In modern organizations many of the business processes are supported by IT, which makes the relation between sustainability and IT an important subject. However, how to integrate business strategy with IT operations in relation to sustainability is unclear. In this paper we focus on the role of Enterprise Architecture in this process and try to answer “How Enterprise Architecture may contribute in the traceable transformation from sustainability principles towards requirements on Green IT in the field of higher education.” Based on a literature study and qualitative research at different organizations we adapted the Sustainable Information Systems Management (SISM) model of Erek et al (2012). The SISM Revisited model not only guides organizations in identifying areas of interest for aligning the sustainability strategy of an organization with its IS/IT activities, but we expect it will be useful to implement sustainability in organizations as well.
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