Business is changing from an industrial- to a knowledge-based environment, building more from professionals and their expertise. Corporations need to create internal organizations in which there is more emphasis on human capital and creating/sharing knowledge and talents. Talent management and knowledge creation should be new foci to create sustainability and long-term success. On the whole, organisations are working too much on an ad hoc basis, focusing on technology instead of creating an environment in which talents reinforce each other. In this review article we explore knowledge circulation, link knowledge, and talent to innovation, and discuss optimum circumstances for corporations to benefit from these assets.
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Dit artikel bespreekt een dynamische benadering van de muzikale (talent)ontwikkeling bij jonge kinderen (Steenbeek, Van Geert & Van Dijk, 2011). Volgens een theoretisch, dynamisch kader is ontwikkeling een emergente eigenschap. Talent kan bij elk kind ontstaan als er een opwaarts dynamisch proces tot stand komt in de interactie tussen kind, volwassene en de activiteit. Het gebruik van Expressed Pedagogical Content Knowledge (EPCK; vgl. Geveke, 2017) door de volwassene is de sleutel om een positieve talentspiraal tot stand te brengen. Een dynamische kijk op ontwikkeling gaat terug op het werkvan pedagogen als Vygotsky, Piaget, Bruner en Dewey, en is verbonden met het sociaal-constructivisme. Daarnaast hebben de ecologische theorieën van Bronfenbrenner en Gibson er een belangrijke invloed op gehad. Verder is deze visie op macro-theoretisch niveau verwant aan theorieën over motivatie, zelfbeschikking en zelfregulering (Deci & Ryan, 2000), en over self-efficacy (Eraut, 2004). Het doel van deze studie is het beschrijven en evalueren van een inventarisatie van onderzoek naar muziekeducatieve praktijken voor jonge kinderen vanuit een dynamisch perspectief. Bij wijze van kwalitatieve inhoudsanalyse is een literatuurstudie uitgevoerd naar muziekeducatieve praktijken bij jonge kinderen. Deze studie heeft verschillende voorbeelden opgeleverd van veelbelovende praktijken die dynamische kenmerken vertonen. De resultaten geven aan dat onderzoek vanuit een dynamisch oogpunt naar betekenisvolle muziek-educatieve praktijken internationaal ‘in de lucht hangt’. Door een gebrek aan gedetailleerde analyses binnen de studies van activiteiten op de microtijdschaal blijft de kracht van EPCK echter meestal een blinde vlek. Door te focussen op EPCK kan onderzoek bijdragen aan kennis over hoe professionals meer ontwikkelingskansen voor kinderen kunnen creëren.
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Effects of climate change in cities are evident and are expected to increase in the future, demanding adaptation. In order to share knowledge, raise awareness, and build capacity on climate adaptation, the first concept of a “ClimateCafé” has been utilized since 2012 in 25 events all over the world. In 8 years ClimateCafé grew into a field education concept involving different fields of science and practice for capacity building in climate change adaptation. This chapter describes the need, method, and results of ClimateCafés and provides tools for organizing a ClimateCafé in a context-specific case. Early ClimateCafés in the Philippines are compared with the ClimateCafé in Peru to elucidate the development of this movement, in which one of the participants of ClimateCafé Philippines 2016 became the co-organizer of ClimateCafé Peru in 2019. The described progress of ClimateCafés provides detailed information on the dynamic methodological aspects, holding different workshops. The workshops aim at generating context-specific data on climate adaptation by using tools and innovative data collection techniques addressing deep uncertainties that come with climate change adaptation. Results of the workshops show that context-specific, relevant, multidisciplinary data can be gathered in a short period of time with limited resources, which promotes the generation of ideas that can be used by local stakeholders in their local context. A ClimateCafé therefore stimulates accelerated climate action and support for adaptation solutions, from the international and the local, from the public and private sector, to ensure we learn from each other and work together for a climate resilient future. The methodology of ClimateCafé is still maturing and the evaluation of the ClimateCafés over time leads to improvements which are applied during upcoming ClimateCafés, giving a clear direction for further development of this methodology for knowledge exchange, capacity building, and bridging the gap between disciplines within climate adaptation.
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Lectorale rede
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Purpose – Against the background of current leadership theory, this research paper analyses and compares the leadership approaches of two outstanding leaders: Daniel Vasella, chairman of the leading Swiss pharmaceutical organization Novartis and Ricardo Semler, owner of the Brazilian conglomerate Semco. In contrast to many rather abstract, unpractical and pointlessly theoretical papers on leadership this analysis provides a more applied view of leadership by means of the life history approach delivering insight into both leaders’ development and leader personality. Methodology/approach – First, this paper locates the ideas and practices associated with the term “leadership” as a concept through theories that have developed over time and shows how the practices of leading can be derived and understood through chosen theories. Based on this, the specific characteristics and career paths of both leaders are presented and compared so that a final analysis of their leadership approach can be done. The paper is based on secondary sources such as peer-reviewed business journals and literature on leadership. Information about both leaders and their approach to leadership is gathered mainly from published interviews with them. Additional information on Semler is taken from his autobiography. Conclusions – It is difficult to identify an “essence” of leadership, whether that takes the form of personality characteristics or traits, charisma, the ability to transform people or organizations or a brain function. All presented theories of leadership seem to have their raison d’être. Both Vasella and Semler apply a combination of different attitudes and behaviours that characterize their leadership style containing elements of transformational, charismatic, ethical, servant and authentic leadership.
MULTIFILE
Our ageing population is the result of two demographic trends: decreasing fertility levels and higher life expectancy. As a corollary to these demographic trends, the working population is ageing and shrinking at the same time. This development will affect the performance of organizations in the next decades. As today‟s economy and the performance of organizations is mainly based on knowledge, the ageing workforce will mainly affect the organizations ability to be knowledge productive. As current knowledge management (KM) and intellectual capital (IC) literature hardly addresses the issue of ageing, the aim of this paper is to explore this topic in order to formulate an agenda for further KM/IC research. Combining the temporary consequences of ageing (brain drain and talent gap) and the false assumptions about the capabilities of older workers (older workers contribute negatively to a firm‟s performance), the current ageing of the working population reveals two main risks for organizations and management: underutilization of older employees, and loss of knowledge. Based on the exploration of these two risks in this paper, several issues are proposed for further research. These issues focus on the specific competences of the older knowledge worker, the implications for talent development programs, the benefits of inter-generational learning, and effectiveness of knowledge retention strategies. Today, the main fear is that large scale retirement will lead to a shortage of skills, talents, knowledge. Although acknowlegding the risks and threats of this brain drain, the current temporary ageing of our workforce might also contribute to a structural better valuation of the potential of the older knowledge worker and its specific contribution to the process of knowledge creation. In an ageing knowledge economy, increased understanding about the abilities and distinct qualities of older workers will provide opportunities for organizations to enhance knowledge productivity and thus gain competitiveness.
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Is sociaal kapitaal belangrijk om als talentvolle professional te kunnen floreren? In deze bijdrage verkennen we hoe sociaal kapitaal van invloed is op de talentontwikkeling van individuen in kennisintensieve organisaties. Wat kunnen HRD’ers in de praktijk met deze inzichten?Een artikel naar aanleiding van een onderzoek naar de relatie van kenmerken van sociaal kapitaal en individueel talent. Kenmerken van sociaal kapitaal zijn hier "onderling vertrouwen , een "gedeelde identiteit" en een "toegankelijk netwerk". Talent kan worden omschreven als de optelsom van kunnen, willen en durven dat wordt beïnvloed door de context; hier de sociale context uitgedrukt in termen van sociaal kapitaal. Talent is deels aangeboren. Maar de ontwikkelruimte is groot en belangrijker dan het genetisch basismateriaal. de context is bepalend voor de mate waarin iemand zijn/haar talenten ontwikkeld. De vraag in deze studie is of en in welke mate sociale kenmerken in de werkgemeenschap van invloed zijn op de talentinzet van individuen. In een sportmetafoor: schaatst Sven Kramer harder als in de schaatsploeg sprake is van bepaalde sociale kenmerken, zoals een hoog onderling vertrouwen? Sociaal kapitaal lijkt voor talentontwikkeling een noodzakelijke voorwaarde. Zonder sociaal kapitaal lukt het niet. het is echter geen voldoende voorwaarde. Daar is meer voor nodig, zoals externe prikkels die mensen uitdaagt tot prestaties. De drie gekozen onderzoeksingrediënten van sociaal kapitaal zijn positief te verbinden aan talentontwikkeling: - Onderling vertrouwen in een team heeft een directe, maar vooral een indirecte impact op talent. Onderling vertrouwen zorgt voor condities voor talentinzet en –ontwikkeling, het biedt aanknopingspunten om te werken aan geloof in eigen kunnen. - Een sterke gedeelde identiteit is van waarde voor het kunnen, willen en durven, maar heeft ook een schaduwzijde. Het geeft sturing en het verbindt, maar het remt de autonomie en creativiteit, doordat tegengeluid niet wordt geaccepteerd. Te dominante normen en waarden voelen dan beknellend. - Een belangrijk effect van een laagdrempelig en informeel netwerk is de mate waarin men elkaar kan vinden en elkaars sterkten en zwakten kent. De geïnterviewden gaven aan dat een lage toegangsdrempel de prestaties verhoogt en dat informele ontmoetingen het eigen kennisniveau verhogen.
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Talent development programmes for professional soccer clubs aim to guide players towards professional level performance. We identify whether the intermittent endurance capacity of these players may have changed over time. Since the 2000/2001 competition season, the intermittent endurance capacity of players in the talent development programmes of two professional soccer clubs was measured annually. A total of 492 players participated, divided across seven age categories (under 13 (U13), U14, U15, U16, U17, U18, U19) and resulting in 953 measurements. Analyses of variance showed an improvement in intermittent endurance capacity from the 2000/2001 season to 2009/2010 of around 50% in all age groups (P < 0.05). A possible explanation is the increased quantity and quality of training over the years. When identifying, developing and selecting young players, scouts, trainers and coaches have to be aware that the current level of soccer and its underlying performance characteristics--such as intermittent endurance capacity--are improving over time. This factor may have consequences for current young players aiming to make it to the top 10 years from now.
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The importance of teaching engineering students innovation development is commonly clearly understood. It is essential to achieve products which are attractive and profitable in the market. To achieve this, an institute of engineering education has to provide students with needed knowledge, skills and attitudes including both technical and business orientation. This is important especially for SME’s. Traditionally, education of engineering provides students with basic understanding how to solve common technical problems. However companies need wider view to achieve new products. Universities of applied Sciences in Oulu and Eindhoven want to research what is the today’s educational situation for this aim, to find criteria to improve the content of the educational system, and to improve the educational system. Important stakeholders are teachers and students within the institute but also key-persons in companies. The research is realized by questionnaires and interviews from which a current situation can be found. The research will also include the opinion of management who give possibilities to change the curriculum. By this research more insight will be presented about how to re-design a current curriculum. The research will act as basis for this discussion in SEFI-conference about formulating a curriculum that includes elements for wide-ranging knowledge and skills to achieve innovations especially in SME’s.
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The importance of teaching engineering students innovation development is commonly clearly understood. It is essential to achieve products which are attractive and profitable in the market. To achieve this, an institute of engineering education has to provide students with needed knowledge, skills and attitudes including both technical and business orientation. This is important especially for SME’s. Traditionally, education of engineering provides students with basic understanding how to solve common technical problems. However companies need wider view to achieve new products. Universities of applied Sciences in Oulu and Eindhoven want to research what is the today’s educational situation for this aim, to find criteria to improve the content of the educational system, and to improve the educational system. Important stakeholders are teachers and students within the institute but also key-persons in companies. The research is realized by questionnaires and interviews from which a current situation can be found. The research will also include the opinion of management who give possibilities to change the curriculum. By this research more insight will be presented about how to re-design a current curriculum. The research will act as basis for this discussion in SEFI-conference about formulating a curriculum that includes elements for wide-ranging knowledge and skills to achieve innovations especially in SME’s.
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