Characteristics of the physical childcare environment are associated with children’s sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) levels. This study examines whether these associations are moderated by child characteristics. A total of 152 1- to 3-year-old children from 22 Dutch childcare centers participated in the study. Trained research assistants observed the physical childcare environment, using the Environment and Policy Assessment Observation (EPAO) protocol. Child characteristics (age, gender, temperament and weight status) were assessed using parental questionnaires. Child SB and PA was assessed using Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Linear regression analyses including interaction terms were used to examine moderation of associations between the childcare environment and child SB and PA. Natural elements and portable outdoor equipment were associated with less SB and more PA. In addition, older children, boys and heavier children were less sedentary and more active, while more use of childcare and an anxious temperament were associated with more SB. There were various interactions between environmental factors and child characteristics. Specific physical elements (e.g., natural elements) were especially beneficial for vulnerable children (i.e., anxious, overactive, depressive/withdrawn, overweight). The current study shows the importance of the physical childcare environment in lowering SB and promoting PA in very young children in general, and vulnerable children specifically. Moderation by child characteristics shows the urgency of shaping childcare centers that promote PA in all children, increasing equity in PA promotion in childcare.
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Infants attend daycare at an early age, which raises questions about children's sensitivity to the childcare environment and the role of different temperamental traits in their development in the early years. In a two-year longitudinal study with parent- and caregiver-reported data for Dutch children at the age of 1 and 2 years (120 children from 92 groups), we explored fine-grained dimensions of negative affect and their relationship with socio-emotional functioning. Especially shyness, frustration and soothability proved robust predictors of socio-emotional development across parent- and caregiver-reported data with both concurrent (Year-1) and predictive associations (Year-2). Also, the quality of caregiver–child interactions moderated caregiver-reported child wellbeing and competence. Infants that are open to social contacts, are easy to comfort and have low levels of frustration, and have higher levels of wellbeing and less problem behaviour in early daycare than peers with higher levels of shyness and frustration and relatively low levels of soothability.
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Elke crisis vraagt om veerkracht. De veerkrachtige samenleving kan een antwoord bieden op de uitdagingen, bedreigingen en schokken die voortkomen uit snel veranderende maatschappelijke omstandigheden. In het licht van de huidige crisis veroorzaakt door de corona pandemie, is dat niet alleen een hoopvol idee, maar ook een cruciaal idee. Deze publicatie is geschreven voor bestuurders, studenten, docenten, professionals en beleidsmakers binnen het sociale domein die in deze crisistijd behoefte hebben aan achtergrondinformatie over het begrip veerkracht. We bespreken hoe het begrip veerkracht betekenis krijgt binnen verschillende wetenschappelijke tradities en denkstromingen. Ook laten we zien dat het begrip veerkracht behulpzaam kan zijn om gedragsverandering en verbetering van maatschappelijke voorwaarden op verschillende niveaus inzichtelijk te maken: op individueel niveau, op collectief niveau (groepen), en op systemisch niveau (samenleving en ecosysteem). Voor beroepskrachten bieden deze drie niveaus elk andere aanknopingspunten en handelingsperspectieven.
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Background. Violent criminal offenders with personality disorders (PD’s) can cause immense harm, but are often deemed untreatable. This study aimed to conduct a randomized clinical trial to test the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy for rehabilitating offenders with PDs. Methods. We compared schema therapy (ST), an evidence-based psychotherapy for PDs, to treatment-as-usual (TAU) at eight high-security forensic hospitals in the Netherlands. Patients in both conditions received multiple treatment modalities and differed only in the individual, study-specific therapy they received. One-hundred-three male offenders with antisocial, narcissistic, borderline, or paranoid PDs, or Cluster B PD-not-otherwise specified, were assigned to 3 years of ST or TAU and assessed every 6 months. Primary outcomes were rehabilitation, involving gradual reintegration into the community, and PD symptoms. Results. Patients in both conditions showed moderate to large improvements in outcomes. ST was superior to TAU on both primary outcomes – rehabilitation (i.e. attaining supervised and unsupervised leave) and PD symptoms – and six of nine secondary outcomes, with small to moderate advantages over TAU. ST patients moved more rapidly through rehabilitation (supervised leave, treatment*time: F(5308) = 9.40, p < 0.001; unsupervised leave, treatment*- time: F(5472) = 3.45, p = 0.004), and showed faster improvements on PD scales (treatment*- time: t(1387) = −2.85, p = 0.005). Conclusions. These findings contradict pessimistic views on the treatability of violent offenders with PDs, and support the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy for rehabilitating these patients, facilitating their re-entry into the community
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Het doel van deze richtlijn is om hulpverleners handvatten te geven om jongeren met agressief gedrag effectiever te begeleiden. Het doel is dat patiënten meer inzicht krijgen in, en controle krijgen over hun agressieve gedrag. Dat draagt bij aan een gezonde psychosociale ontwikkeling van de jongere, aan een veiliger behandelklimaat binnen de behandelsetting en een prettiger werkklimaat voor hulpverleners Deel 1: Theoretische onderbouwing en aanbevelingen, die van belang zijn om goed met het interventiepakket te kunnen werken.
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Background: The worldwide increase in the rates of childhood overweight and physical inactivity requires successful prevention and intervention programs for children. The aim of the Active Living project is to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior of Dutch primary school children by developing and implementing tailored, multicomponent interventions at and around schools. Methods/design: In this project, school-centered interventions have been developed at 10 schools in the south of the Netherlands, using a combined top-down and bottom-up approach in which a research unit and a practice unit continuously interact. The interventions consist of a combination of physical and social interventions tailored to local needs of intervention schools. The process and short- and long-term effectiveness of the interventions will be evaluated using a quasi-experimental study design in which 10 intervention schools are matched with 10 control schools. Baseline and follow-up measurements (after 12 and 24 months) have been conducted in grades 6 and 7 and included accelerometry, GPS, and questionnaires. Primary outcome of the Active Living study is the change in physical activity levels, i.e. sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and counts-per-minute (CPM). Multilevel regression analyses will be used to assess the effectiveness of isolated and combined physical and social interventions on children’s PA levels. Discussion: The current intervention study is unique in its combined approach of physical and social environmental PA interventions both at school(yard)s as well as in the local neighborhood around the schools. The strength of the study lies in the quasi-experimental design including objective measurement techniques, i.e. accelerometry and GPS, combined with more subjective techniques, i.e. questionnaires, implementation logbooks, and neighborhood observations. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sanned/
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Equine-Assisted Services (EAS) offer many benefits for people with intellectual or physical disabilities. As these services grow in popularity, ensuring the welfare of the horses involved is crucial. This study explored the horses’ mood state during equine-assisted coaching and therapeutic riding sessions, focusing on factors like session length, the horse’s personality, and care practices.Keywords: horse–human interaction; welfare; equine-assisted services; health and safety; affective states
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In heldere en concrete taal wordt besproken wat duurzaamheid is en waar het toe dient, met de bedoeling om concrete en praktische informatie te geven over hoe je naar duurzaamheid kunt kijken en dit kunt inzetten in studie, werk en daarbuiten.
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The main question that leads the focus in this study is: What is the contribution of the school environment to the resilience of middle-adolescent students? Before going into the background and rationale of this study I will specify the terms used in this research question: - Contribution: In this study I will use the dynamic term contribution instead of the term effect because I will not measure the causal influence in a statistical way but I will explore the relationship between school environment and middle-adolescents resilience in terms of dynamic, reciprocal interactions. - School environment: With the term school environment I refer to all possible aspects of the immediate environment constituted by the school as a system in which the middle-adolescent is interactively participating. These aspects can include teachers as well as the school building as well as the lunch breaks and extramural activities. No framed description of this term will be postulated beforehand because the school environment will be studied from the viewpoint of the middle-adolescents. It is the middle-adolescents description of the term school environment that is the focus of this study. - Resilience: Before constructing the term resilience in a detailed manner in Chapter Two I will use the term to denote the ability to bounce back after stressful experiences. - Middle-adolescent: a 14-or 15-year old girl or boy. I will elaborate on the reason for the focus on this age group in paragraph 2.1.
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De module “Diagnostiek van Angst en Gedragsproblemen” bestaat uit 3 onderdelen: 1) Achtergronden, 2) Het werkboek, 3) Invullijsten Ze is bedoeld voor multidisciplinaire teams (begeleiders, teamleiders, gedragswetenschappers, vaktherapeuten, artsen (AVG)). Beleidsmakers en andere geïnteresseerden kunnen eveneens kennis nemen dit document. Tevens is een implementatiehandleiding toegevoegd. De module is ontwikkeld tussen 2005 tot 2008 en getoetst met een wetenschappelijk onderzoek tussen 2009 tot 2014. Tijdens dit onderzoek is de module toegepast en zijn de resultaten verwerkt. Tijdens de ontwikkeling van de module is samengewerkt met organisaties uit de praktijk. Dit achtergronddocument beschrijft de opbouw van de module, de theorie en tot slot de aanbevelingen. De instructies voor dit team zijn opgenomen in het werkboek. Het werkboek bevat daarnaast ook specifieke instructies voor de (persoonlijk) begeleider. Voor de observaties die begeleiders uitvoeren zijn invullijsten beschikbaar.
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