Met de toenemende drukte in de stad neemt ook het autogebruik toe. Deze toename zorgt voor extra druk op de veiligheid en gezondheid voor mens en natuur. Om de negatieve impact van verkeer te mitigeren kan gekeken worden naar strengere eisen aan hinder en uitstoot. Met Smooth Traffic Management (STM) wordt gewerkt aan het verminderen van de negatieve verkeerseffecten rond ‘gevoelige locaties’ door bestuurders middels een navigatiesysteem een alternatieve, omgevingsbewuste route aan te bieden.
DOCUMENT
The aeronautical traffic capacity is approaching its limits. This is especially true for airports where airports are constrained to resources such as runways. Consequences of full capacity traffic can be translated to delays and safety issues such as higher collisions risks. One important part of traffic are points where traffic is routed, such as transfer of flights to different ANSPs, sector changes, and merging to meter fixes for landing. There are cases where some entry points to sections are close to maximum capacity, while other entry points to the same section have more capacity. Within the framework of FF-ICE, this paper presents the operational idea of Tactical Demand Tailoring, which consists of balancing traffic by re-routing traffic hours before the arrival of aircraft to a given congested section. This paper proposes the conditions that must be met for TDT to be operationally feasible, and it discusses the potential benefits to increase capacity at overloaded parts of the airspace. Results showed that flights exist under the current flight conditions that can be re-routed to increase capacity. On average, these re-routes result in an approximate 1.9% increase in flight track length. Furthermore, a real-world case study conducted at the Terminal Manoeuvring Area of Schiphol Airport demonstrates that the implementation of Tactical Demand Tailoring effectively mitigates delays.
DOCUMENT
This study evaluates the maximum theoretical exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromag- netic fields (EMFs) from a Fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) base station (BS) while using four commonly used mobile applications: YouTube for video streaming, WhatsApp for voice calls, Instagram for posting pictures and videos, and running a Video game. Three factors that might affect exposure, i.e., distance of the measurement positions from the BS, measurement time, and induced traffic, were examined. Exposure was assessed through both instantaneous and time-averaged extrapolated field strengths using the Maximum Power Extrapolation (MPE) method. The former was calculated for every measured SS-RSRP (Secondary Synchronization Reference Signal Received Power) power sample obtained with a sampling resolution of 1 second, whereas the latter was obtained using a 1-min moving average applied on the applications’ instantaneous extrapolated field strengths datasets. Regarding distance, two measurement positions (MPs) were selected: MP1 at 56 meters and MP2 at 170 meters. Next, considering the measurement time, all mobile application tests were initially set to run for 30 minutes at both MPs, whereas the video streaming test (YouTube) was run for an additional 150 minutes to investigate the temporal evolution of field strengths. Considering the traffic, throughput data vs. both instantaneous and time-averaged extrapolated field strengths were observed for all four mobile applications. In addition, at MP1, a 30-minute test without a User Equipment (UE) device was conducted to analyze exposure levels in the absence of induced traffic. The findings indicated that the estimated field strengths for mobile applications varied. It was observed that distance and time had a more significant impact than the volume of data traffic generated (throughput). Notably, the exposure levels in all tests were considerably lower than the public exposure thresholds set by the ICNIRP guidelines.INDEX TERMS 5G NR, C-band, human exposure assessment, mobile applications, traffic data, maximum extrapolation method, RF-EMF.
MULTIFILE
The Amsterdam Sensor Lab is part of the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) and its goal is to develop application specific sensor systems for applied research. In order to (anonymously) measure, for instance, traffic without influencing people’s behaviour, a pressure sensing sub-tile is under development. It can be placed under a regular (0.3*0.3 m) tile in the pavement and, hence, cannot be seen by the public. Applications may range from evaluating the behaviour of pedestrians in crowds or on large open areas, to measuring the mechanical stress on bridges due to lorry traffic. The resulting data may be valuable to social scientists and municipal decision makers.A preliminary demonstration model has been realized that can detect: weight (pressure), direction, and a speed estimate of pedestrians and cyclists, by measuring the direction and velocity of pressure changes. Data communication is wireless, e.g., via Bluetooth™, to a Raspberry Pi™ or computer for calibration and visualization of the data. The demonstration model has been working satisfactorily for about half a year in the corridors of the AUAS.Pressure changes are measured with strain gauges using low-noise analogue instrumentation amplifiers and digitized with a 16 bit effective resolution. Current consumption is about 50 mA, the minimal detectable pressure is ca. 10 N and the maximal pressure ca. 1500 N. The data is refreshed every 2 ms.New electronics for a second version of the sub-tile (under development) make it possible to detect the tiny signal of a 0.3 gram rubber object falling from a 10 cm height. Investigations and development are going on to increase the measurement range from this low-level (impulse) pressure up to a pressure of about 500 kN, and configuring multiple sub-tiles to a wireless sensor network, thus paving the way to a (smart) sensing pavement. Apart from that, possibilities to give an estimate of the kind of traffic using artificial intelligence will be investigated.
DOCUMENT
Nowadays we are living in a highly dynamic world with variety of factors shaping urban mobility of today and tomorrow. The presentation connected on-going developments with the traffic management trends and explained the impact on the future professionals, skills and competences to be developped
DOCUMENT
We present a novel anomaly-based detection approach capable of detecting botnet Command and Control traffic in an enterprise network by estimating the trustworthiness of the traffic destinations. A traffic flow is classified as anomalous if its destination identifier does not origin from: human input, prior traffic from a trusted destination, or a defined set of legitimate applications. This allows for real-time detection of diverse types of Command and Control traffic. The detection approach and its accuracy are evaluated by experiments in a controlled environment.
DOCUMENT
De openbare ruimte staat vol borden waarmee (vooral) de overheid ons gedrag wil sturen. Die borden vertellen ongewild ook een verhaal over de mensen, de organisatie, het beleid erachter. Dat gaat soms goed, soms minder goed.
LINK
In the city of Amsterdam commercial transport is responsible for 15% of vehicles, 34% of traffic’s CO2 emissions and 62% of NOx emissions. The City of Amsterdam plans to improve traffic flows using real time traffic data and data about loading and unloading zones. In this paper, we present, reflect, and discuss the results of two projects from the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences with research partners from 2016 till 2018. The ITSLOG and Sailor projects aim to analyze and test the benefits and challenges of connecting ITS and traffic management to urban freight transport, by using real-time data about loading and unloading zone availability for rerouting trucks. New technologies were developed and tested in collaboration with local authorities, transport companies and a food retailer. This paper presents and discusses the opportunities and challenges faced in developing and implementing this new technology, as well as the role played by different stakeholders. In both projects, the human factor was critical for the implementation of new technologies in practice.
MULTIFILE
1. Purpose of the ResearchThe research aims at developing a concept of operations (ConOps) that could connect aviation and all existing and future transport modes into an overall efficient transport network. Such ConOps should provide future passengers with a rapid and seamless travel experience.2. Research design, Methodology or ApproachThis paper describes a ConOps based on an ATM (Air Traffic Management) for a holistic traffic management system. For this purpose, the influences of quality management systems and other organizational facilities on the quality of passenger travel were examined. Various management systems like resources, traffic information, energy, fleet emergency calls, security and infrastructure, and applications such as weather information platforms and tracking systems have been integrated.3. Expected research findingsThe ConOps is intended to pave the way to cross-modal traffic management, in which the preferences of the travellers have a high priority. The first results show that the needs of the passengers can only be met in advance, and the traffic resources can only be used economically through close cooperation and coordination of these management systems and applications with regard to possible synergies and interactions.4. Summary of the originality/contributionTo develop these ConOps, general and traffic management systems next to basic principles of quality management were researched in the literature, which could be summarized in a Total Traffic Management System (TTM). The ATM experience served as a model example. The ConOps can be used as a basis to build a previously non-existing TTM that can be used to manage the future of travelling and future transport modes.
MULTIFILE
The EU project X-TEAM D2D focuses on future seamless door-to-door mobility, considering the experiences from Air Traffic Management and the currently available and possible future transport modalities in overall multimodal traffic until 2050. This paper deals with developing a Concept of Operations of an intermodal transport system with special consideration of the pabengers' satisfaction with up to 4-hour journeys. For this purpose, the influences of quality management systems and other organizational facilities on the quality of pabenger travel in the transport system were examined. In the study, integration of various management systems, like resources, traffic information, energy, fleet emergency calls, security and infrastructure, and applications such as weather information platforms and tracking systems, is expected.
DOCUMENT
