De reclassering voert haar werk uit in een maatschappij die in toenemende mate vraagt om inzicht in effectiviteit van beleid en de daarbij horende kosten en opbrengsten van publieke investeringen. Daarbij gaat het niet alleen om de directe effecten van het werk, maar ook om hoe deze zich vertalen naar baten voor de maatschappij. Het doel van het onderzoek binnen de onderzoekslijn Waarde van Reclasseren binnen het lectoraat Modelleren van Maatschappelijke Impact bij Saxion is om de maatschappelijke kosten en baten van reclasseren in Nederland in kaart te brengen. Dit wordt gedaan door het maken van een maatschappelijke kosten-batenanalyse (MKBA). In dit rapport stellen we hiervoor een eerste raming op. Deze raming wordt momenteel verder uitgewerkt binnen de onderzoekslijn Waarde van Reclasseren van het lectoraat. Het raamwerk van een maatschappelijke kosten-batenanalyse (MKBA) vormt het uitgangspunt van dit onderzoek. Hierbij is het nodig dat we in kaart brengen wat (1) de werkzaamheden van de reclassering zijn, (2) de directe effecten hiervan op reclassenten en hun omgeving, (vermeden) slachtoffers en hun omgeving en (3) hoe deze zich vertalen naar baten voor de maatschappij.
MULTIFILE
Background In the Netherlands, general practitioners (GPs) play a key role in HIV testing. However, the proportion of people diagnosed with late-stage HIV remains high, and opportunities for earlier diagnosis are being missed. We implemented an educational intervention to improve HIV and STI testing in primary care in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Methods GPs were invited to participate in an educational program between 2015 and 2020, which included repeat sessions using audit and feedback and quality improvement plans. Data on HIV, chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing by GPs were collected from 2011 through 2020. The primary outcome was HIV testing frequency, which was compared between GPs before and after participation using Poisson regression. Secondary outcomes were chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing frequencies, and positive test proportions. Additional analyses stratified by patient sex and age were done. Findings GPs after participation performed 7% more HIV tests compared to GPs before participation (adjusted relative ratio [aRR] 1.07, 95%CI 1.04–1.09); there was no change in the proportion HIV positive tests (aRR 0.87, 95%CI 0.63–1.19). HIV testing increased most among patients who were female and ≤19 or 50–64 years old. After participation, HIV testing continued to increase (aRR 1.02 per quarter, 95%CI 1.01–1.02). Chlamydia testing by GPs after participation increased by 6% (aRR 1.06, 95%CI 1.05–1.08), while gonorrhoea testing decreased by 2% (aRR 0.98, 95%CI 0.97–0.99). We observed increases specifically in extragenital chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing. Conclusions The intervention was associated with a modest increase in HIV testing among GPs after participation, while the proportion positive HIV tests remained stable. Our results suggest that the intervention yielded a sustained effect.
Based on the results of two research projects from the Netherlands, this paper explores how street oriented persons adapt and use digital technologies by focusing on the changing commission of instrumental, economically motivated, street crime. Our findings show how social media are used by street offenders to facilitate or improve parts of the crime script of already existing criminal activities but also how street offenders are engaging in criminal activities not typically associated with the street, like phishing and fraud. Taken together, this paper documents how technology has permeated street life and contributed to the ‘hybridization’ of street offending in the Netherlands—i.e. offending that takes place in person and online, often at the same time.
