Steeds vaker worden de effecten van kunst op welzijn en gezondheid benoemd. In onderzoeken komt naar voren dat het deelnemen aan kunstactiviteiten, actief, receptief of reflectief bijdraagt aan het welbevinden van mensen en het versterken van de samenleving (LKCA, 2021 en 2023; Movisie, 2021; Fancourt & Finn, 2019; Daykin, 2020). De laatste twintig jaar zijn er veel projecten en onderzoeken gestart waarin de relatie wordt onderzocht tussen gezondheid en de impact die de kunsten daarop kunnen hebben. In deze crossovers is er niet alleen kennis opgedaan, maar zijn ook verschillende perspectieven bij elkaar gebracht, zoals die van kunstprofessionals en zorgprofessionals, onderzoekers en beleidsmedewerkers die werken vanuit de beleidsterreinen kunst en cultuur, zorg en welzijn. Het verbinden van zorg en kunst krijgt heden ten dage meer en meer aandacht en de meerwaarde wordt gezien. In die verbinding worden potentiële oplossingen voor demografische en sociale problemen gevonden die leiden tot ervaringen op het gebied van gezondheid en ziekte (Daykin, 2020). Kortom, dat de kunsten een bijdrage kunnen leveren, wordt door veel onderzoeken bevestigd, maar hoe die bijdrage precies tot stand komt, is moeilijker vast te stellen. Er lijkt geen blauwdruk of kant-en-klaar recept te bestaan. Zo zien organisaties in zorg en welzijn zoals Careyn, Buurtzorg en DOCK in Utrecht West de meerwaarde van kunst, maar hebben geen praktische handvatten, kennis en vaardigheden. Wijkcultuurhuis Het Wilde Westen wil op dat gebied graag een bijdrage leveren om, meer specifiek, bij te dragen aan het welzijn en de positieve gezondheid van wijkbewoners. In de praktijk blijkt het nog lastig om elkaar te vinden, omdat iedere partij vanuit zijn eigen opdracht met bijpassende, vastgelegde geldstromen werkt. Het maken van crossovers is niet vanzelfsprekend en een lastige opgave. Daarom is in samenwerking met Het Wilde Westen, Buurtzorg, Careyn en DOCK dit onderzoek naar kunst en positieve gezondheid gestart, waarin verkennend onderzoek is gedaan naar het gezamenlijk inzetten van kunst ter bevordering van welzijn en positieve gezondheid. We onderzochten de samenwerking tussen de verschillende partners om te kijken wat voor hen nodig is om met bewoners vorm te geven aan kunstbeleving en de betekenis van de term ‘positieve gezondheid’. Dit onderzoek is financieel mogelijk gemaakt door regieorgaan SIA (Kiem GoCI). 1.1 Onderzoeksvraag In het voortraject is gezamenlijk gekomen tot de volgende onderzoeksvraag: Hoe kan kunst community-based vanuit een wijkperspectief door kunst-, welzijns- en zorgprofessionals ingezet worden om een bijdrage te leveren aan de positieve gezondheid in Utrecht West? In deze onderzoeksvraag is, vanuit de wens uit de praktijk, de term ‘positieve gezondheid’ als uitgangspunt genomen. Reden hiervoor is dat dit begrip ruimte geeft voor een holistische blik op gezondheid en een ruimte geeft aan bewoners om zelf betekenis te geven aan het begrip gezondheid (Huber et al., 2011). Steeds duidelijker wordt dat de toegang tot gezondheidszorg maar een kleine invloed heeft op het ervaren van gezondheid en welzijn. De meeste uitdagingen op het gebied van gezondheid blijken meer en meer te maken te hebben met demografische en sociale trends. Ook zijn er veel ziekten waarvoor de bestaande gezondheidszorg niet als enige een oplossing kan bieden, denk bijvoorbeeld aan dementie en chronische ziekten (Daykin, 2020). Het werken vanuit het concept positieve gezondheid kan, doordat zij zich richt op de mens als geheel, bijdragen aan een meer holistische kijk op gezondheid (Huber, 2011). Daarbij is het belangrijk om op te merken dat positieve gezondheid geen onomstreden concept is. Zo wordt gewaarschuwd dat de beleidsmatige vertaling ervan kan leiden tot het terugtrekken van de overheid en bovendien normerend en te individualistisch kan worden ingezet (Cardol et al., 2017). In het onderzoek is positieve gezondheid gekozen als startpunt omdat een aantal consortiumpartners actief met dit concept werken. In het onderzoek wordt bewust gekeken naar hoe het begrip wordt ingezet en wat de discussiepunten ervan zijn. Bijvoorbeeld omdat er in Utrecht West gewerkt wordt vanuit het concept positieve gezondheid vanuit een wijkbenadering waarin het collectieve bewonersperspectief van belang is en niet enkel het individuele belang.
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Paper about challenges of community based tourism
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the different realities blended together in community-based tourism, and how storytelling can help us understand the resulting entanglement of actors and power. This paper combines a discussion of power and empowerment in community-based tourism with storytelling. Design/methodology/approach – The fictional narrative of Pandora’s box is used as a metaphor for power and empowerment in community-based tourism, which can leave communities worse off than before the introduction of tourism. Findings – However, the last thing remaining in Pandora’s box after all hardships had flown out, was hope. This paper also presents a hopeful perspective for community-based tourism in the form of another metaphor: the rhizome, which puts power and empowerment in a more dynamic and holistic frame. Just like in the original story of Pandora’s “jar” which gave voice to Pandora herself, within a rhizome, other players are regarded as valuable sources of tacit contextual knowledge. Originality/value – Storytelling and dialogue are recommended methods to obtain this knowledge. Using a storytelling perspective can encourage untold and unheard stories within a dialogue to be heard.
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Adaptive governance describes the purposeful collective actions to resist, adapt, or transform when faced with shocks. As governments are reluctant to intervene in informal settlements, community based organisations (CBOs) self-organize and take he lead. This study explores under what conditions CBOs in Mathare informal settlement, Nairobi initiate and sustain resilience activities during Covid-19. Study findings show that CBOs engage in multiple resilience activities, varying from maladaptive and unsustainable to adaptive, and transformative. Two conditions enable CBOs to initiate resilience activities: bonding within the community and coordination with other actors. To sustain these activities over 2.5 years of Covid-19, CBOs also require leadership, resources, organisational capacity, and network capacity. The same conditions appear to enable CBOs to engage in transformative activities. How-ever, CBOs cannot transform urban systems on their own. An additional condition, not met in Mathare, is that governments, NGOs, and donor agencies facilitate, support, and build community capacities. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Adaptive governance by community-based organisations: Community resilience initiatives during Covid‐19 in Mathare, Nairobi. which has been published in final form at doi/10.1002/sd.2682. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions
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This article focusses on small-scale community-based care initiatives developed by citizens in small villages in rural areas in the Netherlands, with special attention to some interesting case studies in the North and South of the country. These initiatives will be contextualized. First, the demographic processes impacting the Dutch care and welfare domain will be discussed in more detail (chapter 1). Subsequently, chapter 2 will focus on citizens’ initiatives, attempting to put them in a broader theoretical framework using theories on voluntary engagement, social cohesion, and a line of reasoning from social capital theory. Finally, in chapter 3, these findings will be used to describe and discuss small-scale community-based care initiatives in the Netherlands in general with a specific focus on two relatively new types of small-scale initiatives built around a social support worker.
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With this study we bring some understanding on how such event-place community practices are established and promulgated, answering the following question: How does an event become a platform for the community and how does the community become a platform for the event? Answering this is particular pertinent in the rural context
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The COHEHRE Academy organized the following capacity building workshop(s) in 2018: Ethics in Community based Student Projects: Exploring the possibility of a win-win situation:Time and venue: November 2018 Amsterdam, The NetherlandsCoordinating institution: Amsterdam University of Applied SciencesInformation:This capacity building workshop will provide the opportunity to explore and discuss concepts of community-based student projects, both in local and international settings. With trends in education focused on connecting students more to the communities around them during the studies, as well as providing international fieldwork experiences, it is important to consider the possible ethical impact of these community based projects.When is the project equally beneficial for the students’ learning, as well as for the communities intending to benefit from their work? How do we as educators develop and evaluate these projects to attempt to achieve this win-win situation?This seminar will explore this through unpacking the experiences and ethical and cultural dilemmas of three main stakeholders: students, educators and community hosts.Presentation.
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The present research explores the growing use of digital presence in indigenous community-based tourism (CBT) in Brazil, contributing to self-determination, financial security, and heritage sustainability. Conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, when indigenous communities hindered access to villages and ceased on-site tourist activities, the study employs small-scale qualitative research, combining active and passive online methods. The thematic analysis identifies two main themes: [1] the digital bow–a tool for connection, resistance, and awareness; and [2] an exploration of how the pandemic ignited new digital interaction formats in terms of CBT. The findings indicate that during COVID-19, digital presence increased, enriching experiences with visitors. It highlights the potential impact of digital CBT in generating local income while promoting and preserving the community's cultural heritage. Despite challenges related to limited skills and resource access, the research underscores the value of digital ventures in crafting authentic touristic activities and fostering meaningful connections with tourists.
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Hoofdstuk 20 Part II in Understanding Penal Practice van Ioan Durnescu en Fergus McNeill Criminological and penological scholarship has in recent years explored how and why institutions and systems of punishment change – and how and why these changes differ in different contexts. Important though these analyses are, this book focuses not so much on the changing nature of institutions and systems, but rather the changing nature of penal practice and practitioners The first part of the book focuses on understanding practice and practitioners, exploring how changing social, cultural, political, and organisational contexts influence practice, and how training, development, professional socialisation and other factors influence practitioners. The second part is concerned with how practitioners can be best supported to develop the skills and approaches that seem most likely to generate positive impacts. It contains accounts of new practice models and approaches, as well as reports of research projects seeking both to discover and to encourage effective practices
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This chapter discusses the efforts of community workers to obtain consent in local communities as a basis for taking action on issues that are affecting local people’s lives. Crucial here is that community workers resist the initial urge to settle for consensus and as a consequencelimit the possibilities for creativity, exploration and interpersonal development. Drawing on two case studies, one from Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and one from Chelsea (US), the requirements and process of acquiring consent are outlined. Consent in general refers to a form of permission to act or take action. In this chapter we consider it as a sense of approval by neighbourhood community members to engage in a collective course of action. Community workers often play a crucial part in the acquisition of community consent as they support the process of recognition of the diversity of interests, opinions and values that characterises local life. Consent is necessary for creatingsustainable local initiatives, incorporating, instead of eliminating, conflicting positions. This acknowledgement of diversity can be seen as an ethical requirement in community development practice, but also as a strategic issue for community workers. After all, without being able to obtain legitimacy for their engagement with local issues, effective community development work is impossible.This chapter focuses on neighbourhood-based community development work in geographical communities. However, similar principles apply in all forms of community development, including work with communities of interest and identity. We use the term‘community worker’ to refer to someone who takes on a facilitating and coordinating role with members of communities to build community capacity and/or bring about social change. Such workers may be paid and professionally qualified, or unpaid volunteers andactivists. They may live in the communities where they work/are active, or reside outside these areas. These circumstances influence the legitimacy of their interventions, as well as how consent is gained and consensus reached.
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