This dissertation focuses on how supportive neighbourhood structures for children and their families can be fostered. Supportive structures can positively influence social support for parents, and have positive outcomes, such as increased social competences, for children. Since the 90s there has been increasing attention for the role of communities for supporting families in neighbourhoods. Social work (SW) professionals at schools, playgrounds, community centres, and other community members (e.g. volunteers, other parents, grandparents) are seen as important partners to foster these social supportive structures in neighbourhoods. However, in informal urban settings, like the neighbourhood, this role is challenging. Knowledge about the role in and responsibilities for fostering these structures is lacking, but is important for the development of these supportive structures for families. Five consecutive studies were conducted to gain a better understanding of what is needed to foster supportive structures in neighbourhoods in order to improve the outcomes for children and their families.