This paper explores the impact of the physical and
social dimensions of the work environment on satisfaction
and perceived productivity of knowledge
workers in Dutch universities of applied sciences.
The approach took the form of a literature review,
multiple case study of six research centres using
interviews and logbook analysis, and web-based survey
(N = 188). Optimally facilitating knowledge
production requires both space for concentration
(to support internalisation of knowledge) and
space for interaction (to support externalisation of
knowledge). None of the work environments
involved in the study adequately supported all the
phases of knowledge development adequately.
Cellular offices with personal desks are preferred
for solo work and, whereas new workplace designs
with a focus on the office as a meeting place support
interaction and collaboration. Spatial layout
and interaction have a stronger impact than comfort
and absence of distraction. The spatial layout
should support both in-depth concentration and
communication, fit the internalisation/externalisation
ratio of activities, and accommodate the
proximity essential for collaborative knowledge
development. Being able to choose is the key to
success. In terms of research limitations, knowledge
workers’ productivity was measured by self-assessment,
but only a limited number of diaries were
collected. The lessons learned can be used as inputs
to decision-making processes regarding the design,
implementation and management of working
environments in higher education settings. Few
studies have been conducted concerning the spatial
preferences and needs of knowledge workers in
universities of applied sciences. The results show
that the physical dimension (comfort and layout) is
more important for collective productivity, whereas
individual productivity is more strongly influenced
by the social dimension (interaction and
distraction).