De gemeente Utrecht is sinds de invoering van de Jeugdwet in 2015 verantwoordelijk voor alle hulp en ondersteuning aan de Utrechtse jeugd. Met de daarmee samenhangende transformatie is een inhoudelijke vernieuwing van de jeugdhulp beoogd. Eén van de leidende principes voor de gemeente Utrecht is daarbij ‘normaliseren en uitgaan van de mogelijkheden’. Bij de toepassing van deze leidende principes bleek het begrip normaliseren complex en niet iedereen had eenzelfde beeld. Daarnaast is het woord soms beladen, wanneer het wordt geassocieerd met problemen niet serieus nemen. Dit bemoeilijkte het gesprek over normaliseren en wat daarvoor nodig en gewenst is. In de Kenniswerkplaats Jeugd Utrecht Stad (KJUS) werken partners vanuit verschillende perspectieven, zoals jongeren, ouders, praktijk, beleid, onderwijs, onderzoek en opleidingen, samen om zorg en ondersteuning voor jongeren en gezinnen in de stad Utrecht te innoveren en te verbeteren. De kern hierbij is dat gebruik wordt gemaakt van verschillende kennisbronnen: kennis vanuit onderzoek, professionele kennis en ervaringskennis. De gemeente Utrecht heeft daarom de KJUS gevraagd de belangrijkste aspecten van normaliseren in kaart te brengen met input vanuit de verschillende perspectieven. Vanuit de KJUS voerden het Trimbos-instituut en het Lectoraat Jeugd van de Hogeschool Utrecht een group concept mapping procedure uit. Dit is een participatieve mixed-method procedure voor het in kaart brengen van een complex en diffuus onderwerp als basis voor planning en evaluatie. Een groep van 27 deelnemers nam deel aan de brainstormfase. De groep bestond uit jongeren, ouders, beleidsmedewerkers en professionals die met jongeren werken in de stad Utrecht, zoals jongerenwerkers, sociaal makelaars, en professionals uit onderwijs, jeugdgezondheidszorg en jeugdhulp. In totaal formuleerden zij in deze fase 205 opvattingen over wat normaliseren voor hen betekent: 173 opvattingen in een live sessie en 32 opvattingen per e-mail. Na het verwijderen van dubbele opvattingen en het splitsen van samengestelde opvattingen werden de opvattingen naar elke deelnemer gestuurd voor waardering en sortering. Dit gebeurde individueel en online. De resultaten zijn statistisch verwerkt en grafisch weergegeven. De output is besproken en geïnterpreteerd, wat leidde tot de uiteindelijke concept map. Deze concept map bestaat uit 99 opvattingen over de betekenis van normaliseren, gegroepeerd in 19 thema’s (clusters), en weergegeven in een assenstelsel van twee dimensies: een dimensie ‘denken en doen’, variërend van ‘collectief’ tot ‘individueel’, en een dimensie ‘waarde’, variërend van ‘persoonlijk’ tot ‘professioneel’. De drie thema’s met de hoogste gemiddelde waardering waren: 'Variatie accepteren', 'Zonder oordeel luisteren en kijken naar een (hulp)vraag', en 'Mogen zijn zoals je bent'. De waardering van de thema’s voor het concreet omschrijven van normaliseren verschilde tussen de vier groepen deelnemers (jongeren, ouders, beleid en praktijk). Aangezien relatief weinig jongeren deelnamen aan de group concept mapping procedure, is een extra bijeenkomst georganiseerd voor jongeren. Hierbij is de concept map aan hen voorgelegd, zijn aangepaste beschrijvingen van de thema’s (clusters) geformuleerd en is voor de thema’s die zij het belangrijkst vonden besproken wat er volgens hen nodig is. Dit onderzoek heeft een concept map opgeleverd waarin de gedachten en ideeën van deelnemers uit de verschillende perspectieven letterlijk en figuurlijk een plek hebben gekregen om te komen tot een gemeenschappelijke visie op normaliseren in de stad Utrecht. De verwachting is dat de concept map zal bijdragen aan betere gesprekken over normaliseren met alle relevante perspectieven (beleidsmedewerkers, praktijkprofessionals, ouders en jeugdigen) in de stad Utrecht en benut kan worden voor meer gerichte acties om normaliseren te bevorderen.
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Depression is a highly prevalent and seriously impairing disorder. Evidence suggests that music therapy can decrease depression, though the music therapy that is offered is often not clearly described in studies. The purpose of this study was to develop an improvisational music therapy intervention based on insights from theory, evidence and clinical practice for young adults with depressive symptoms. The Intervention Mapping method was used and resulted in (1) a model to explain how emotion dysregulation may affect depressive symptoms using the Component Process Model (CPM) as a theoretical framework; (2) a model to clarify as to how improvisational music therapy may change depressive symptoms using synchronisation and emotional resonance; (3) a prototype Emotion-regulating Improvisational Music Therapy for Preventing Depressive symptoms (EIMT-PD); (4) a ten-session improvisational music therapy manual aimed at improving emotion regulation and reducing depressive symptoms; (5) a program implementation plan; and (6) a summary of a multiple baseline study protocol to evaluate the effectiveness and principles of EIMT-PD. EIMT-PD, using synchronisation and emotional resonance may be a promising music therapy to improve emotion regulation and, in line with our expectations, reduce depressive symptoms. More research is needed to assess its effectiveness and principles.
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The ageing of people with intellectual disabilities, with associated morbidity like dementia, calls for new types of care. Person-centered methods may support care staff in providing this, an example being Dementia Care Mapping (DCM). DCM has been shown to be feasible in ID-care. We examined the experiences of ID-professionals in using DCM. We performed a mixed-methods study, using quantitative data from care staff (N = 136) and qualitative data (focus-groups, individual interviews) from care staff, group home managers and DCM-in-intellectual disabilities mappers (N = 53). ageing, dementia, Dementia Care Mapping, intellectual disability, mixed-methods, personcentred care
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Active learning has become an increasingly popular method for screening large amounts of data in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The active learning process continually improves its predictions on the remaining unlabeled records, with the goal of identifying all relevant records as early as possible. However, determining the optimal point at which to stop the active learning process is a challenge. The cost of additional labeling of records by the reviewer must be balanced against the cost of erroneous exclusions. This paper introduces the SAFE procedure, a practical and conservative set of stopping heuristics that offers a clear guideline for determining when to end the active learning process in screening software like ASReview. The eclectic mix of stopping heuristics helps to minimize the risk of missing relevant papers in the screening process. The proposed stopping heuristic balances the costs of continued screening with the risk of missing relevant records, providing a practical solution for reviewers to make informed decisions on when to stop screening. Although active learning can significantly enhance the quality and efficiency of screening, this method may be more applicable to certain types of datasets and problems. Ultimately, the decision to stop the active learning process depends on careful consideration of the trade-off between the costs of additional record labeling against the potential errors of the current model for the specific dataset and context.
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Objective: Self-management is a core theme within chronic care and several evidence-based interventions (EBIs) exist to promote self-management ability. However, these interventions cannot be adapted in a mere copy-paste manner. The current study describes and demonstrates a planned approach in adapting EBI’s in order to promote self-management in community-dwelling people with chronic conditions. Methods: We used Intervention Mapping (IM) to increase the intervention’s fit with a new context. IM helps researchers to take decisions about whether and what to adapt, while maintaining the working ingredients of existing EBI’s. Results: We present a case study in which we used IM to adapt EBI’s to the Flemish primary care context to promote self-management in people with one or more chronic disease. We present the reader with a contextual analysis, intervention aims, and content, sequence and scope of the resulting intervention. Conclusion: IM provides an excellent framework in providing detailed guidance on intervention adaption to a new context, while preserving the essential working ingredients of EBI’s. Practice Implications: The case study is exemplary for public health researchers and practitioners as a planned approach to seek and find EBI’s, and to make adaptations.
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Background: Peer review is at the heart of the scientific process. With the advent of digitisation, journals started to offer electronic articles or publishing online only. A new philosophy regarding the peer review process found its way into academia: the open peer review. Open peer review as practiced by BioMed Central (BMC) is a type of peer review where the names of authors and reviewers are disclosed and reviewer comments are published alongside the article. A number of articles have been published to assess peer reviews using quantitative research. However, no studies exist that used qualitative methods to analyse the content of reviewers’ comments. Methods: A focused mapping review and synthesis (FMRS) was undertaken of manuscripts reporting qualitative research submitted to BMC open access journals from 1 January – 31 March 2018. Free-text reviewer comments were extracted from peer review reports using a 77-item classification system organised according to three key dimensions that represented common themes and sub-themes. A two stage analysis process was employed. First, frequency counts were undertaken that allowed revealing patterns across themes/sub-themes. Second, thematic analysis was conducted on selected themes of the narrative portion of reviewer reports. Results: A total of 107 manuscripts submitted to nine open-access journals were included in the FMRS. The frequency analysis revealed that among the 30 most frequently employed themes “writing criteria” (dimension II) is the top ranking theme, followed by comments in relation to the “methods” (dimension I). Besides that, some results suggest an underlying quantitative mindset of reviewers. Results are compared and contrasted in relation to established reporting guidelines for qualitative research to inform reviewers and authors of frequent feedback offered to enhance the quality of manuscripts. Conclusions: This FMRS has highlighted some important issues that hold lessons for authors, reviewers and editors. We suggest modifying the current reporting guidelines by including a further item called “Degree of data transformation” to prompt authors and reviewers to make a judgment about the appropriateness of the degree of data transformation in relation to the chosen analysis method. Besides, we suggest that completion of a reporting checklist on submission becomes a requirement.
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From the article: "Axiomatic Design and Complexity Theory as described by Suh focus heavily on the coupling often found in functional requirements. This is so fundamental to the analysis of the design that it is the core of the Axiom of Independence which examines the coupling between functional requirements due to chosen design parameters. That said, the mapping between customer needs and functional requirements is often overlooked. In this paper we consider coupling, found due to this mapping, as a possible source of complexity in terms of a user interface to a designed product. We also re-examine the methodology of how customer needs are generated and translated into the other domains to understand how they can give further insight into the customer mindset. Based on this analysis, we believe customer domain complexity should always be examined in design that includes end-user interaction."
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Active learning has become an increasingly popular method for screening large amounts of data in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The active learning process continually improves its predictions on the remaining unlabeled records, with the goal of identifying all relevant records as early as possible. However, determining the optimal point at which to stop the active learning process is a challenge. The cost of additional labeling of records by the reviewer must be balanced against the cost of erroneous exclusions. This paper introduces the SAFE procedure, a practical and conservative set of stopping heuristics that offers a clear guideline for determining when to end the active learning process in screening software like ASReview. The eclectic mix of stopping heuristics helps to minimize the risk of missing relevant papers in the screening process. The proposed stopping heuristic balances the costs of continued screening with the risk of missing relevant records, providing a practical solution for reviewers to make informed decisions on when to stop screening. Although active learning can significantly enhance the quality and efficiency of screening, this method may be more applicable to certain types of datasets and problems. Ultimately, the decision to stop the active learning process depends on careful consideration of the trade-off between the costs of additional record labeling against the potential errors of the current model for the specific dataset and context.
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Deze rapportage maakt deel uit van zes rapportages die zijn opgeleverd in het WHeelchair ExercisE and Lifestyle Study (WHEELS) project. In deze rapportages worden de resultaten gepresenteerd van de Intervention Mapping (IM) stappen 1 t/m 6 in het ontwikkelen van een leefstijlapp voor rolstoelgebruikers met een dwarslaesie of beenamputatie. Deze rapportage betreft de uitwerking van IM-stap 6 waarin wordt beschreven hoe de ontwikkelde leefstijlapp is geëvalueerd in een pilotstudie.
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This report is the result of a research interest stemming from the case presented by the City of Budapest on the misalignment between EU funding opportunities and the interdependence of the national government. The main research question was “Which channels exist for a local or regional government to access EU funding directly, without the need for interference of the national government?”. Recent political developments in Hungary have led to an increasing amount of budgetary challenges for the City of Budapest. Besides domestic factors, the European Commission’s decision to suggest to withhold cohesion and RRF funds to Hungary raises the question of what different avenues of direct EU funding instruments might be at the city’s disposal. Therefore, the aim of this research is to provide recommendations on what avenues the City of Budapest might want to invest in in terms of advocacy activities on the EU level. We first conducted a desk research, mapping the current landscape of EU funding instruments under the direct management of the EU (the overview can be found in the appendix). Secondly, ten interviews were conducted in October and November 2022 with several multi-level stakeholders from the European Parliament, the European Commission, the umbrella organisation of cities in the European Union ‘Eurocities’, a Hungarian journalist and a regional representation in Central-Eastern Europe. Based on these conversations, we identified five main findings with corresponding recommendations for action.
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