The platform for open and practice-oriented research

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Lassen van aluminium en aluminiumlegeringen

Deze voorlichtingspublicatie is een herziening van de in 1991 verschenen publicatie VM 83 en is tot stand gekomen door samenwerking van de Vereniging FME-CWM, M2i (Materials Innovation Institute v/h het Netherlands Institute for Metals Research (NIMR)), het Nederlands Instituut voor Lastechniek en het Aluminium Centrum. De publicatie volgt in hoofdlijnen de vroegere indeling, maar is wat de inhoud betreft aangepast aan de meest recente ontwikkelingen op het gebied van aluminium en lasprocessen. Bij de hoofdstukindeling is rekening gehouden met het gebruik ervan op verschillende plaatsen binnen het bedrijf. De eerste vijf hoofdstukken zijn speciaal bedoeld om te gebruiken in de tekenkamer en bij de werkvoorbewerking, terwijl de hoofdstukken zes tot en met elf meer zijn bedoeld voor de uitvoering en niet alleen voor diegenen die verantwoordelijk zijn voor de uitvoering van laswerk, maar ook voor de lassers zelf. Er is daarom meer informatie over de lasprocessen zelf gegeven en er is getracht in deze publicatie zoveel informatie hierover te geven, dat het raadplegen van andere bronnen beperkt kan blijven. Dat betekent niet dat alle benodigde kennis over dit onderwerp in deze publicatie is opgenomen. Deze publicatie is tevens bedoeld om in het onderwijs te worden gebruikt, aangezien vergelijkbare leerstof voor het reguliere onderwijs in Nederland niet voorhanden is.

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Lassen van aluminium en aluminiumlegeringen

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Vonkerosie

Deze publicatie is samengesteld door de werkgroep "Vonkerosie" van de vereniging FME-CWM en geeft gerichte theoretische en praktische informatie ten behoeve van respectievelijk de gebruikers van vonkerosiemachines, geïnteresseerden in vonkerosietechnieken, alsmede voor technische cursussen en opleidingen. Er bestaat een intensieve samenwerking met de "Contactgroep Fysisch Chemisch Bewerken (CFC)" van de Vereniging voor Produktietechniek - VPT. De inhoud van deze publicatie behandelt met name alle aspecten welke voor het vonkeroderen van belang zijn. Deze publicatie vervangt de voorlichtingspublicaties VM 76 "Zinkvonkerosie", VM 77 "Draadvonkerosie" en VM 79 "Numeriek bestuurd zinkvonken".

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Validity of three accelerometers to investigate lying, sitting, standing and walking

BACKGROUND: Hospital stays are associated with high levels of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity. To objectively investigate physical behavior of hospitalized patients, these is a need for valid measurement instruments. The aim of this study was to assess the criterion validity of three accelerometers to measure lying, sitting, standing and walking. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital. Participants carried out several mobility tasks according to a structured protocol while wearing three accelerometers (ActiGraph GT9X Link, Activ8 Professional and Dynaport MoveMonitor). The participants were guided through the protocol by a test leader and were recorded on video to serve as reference. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were determined for the categories lying, sitting, standing and walking. RESULTS: In total 12 subjects were included with a mean age of 49.5 (SD 21.5) years and a mean body mass index of 23.8 kg/m2 (SD 2.4). The ActiGraph GT9X Link showed an excellent sensitivity (90%) and PPV (98%) for walking, but a poor sensitivity for sitting and standing (57% and 53%), and a poor PPV (43%) for sitting. The Activ8 Professional showed an excellent sensitivity for sitting and walking (95% and 93%), excellent PPV (98%) for walking, but no sensitivity (0%) and PPV (0%) for lying. The Dynaport MoveMonitor showed an excellent sensitivity for sitting (94%), excellent PPV for lying and walking (100% and 99%), but a poor sensitivity (13%) and PPV (19%) for standing. CONCLUSIONS: The validity outcomes for the categories lying, sitting, standing and walking vary between the investigated accelerometers. All three accelerometers scored good to excellent in identifying walking. None of the accelerometers were able to identify all categories validly.

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Validity of three accelerometers to investigate lying, sitting, standing and walking

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Frailty screening in hospitalised older adults

Aims and objectives: To examine the predictive properties of the brief Dutch National Safety Management Program for the screening of frail hospitalised older patients (VMS) and to compare these with the more extensive Maastricht Frailty Screening Tool for Hospitalised Patients (MFST-HP). Background: Screening of older patients during admission may help to detect frailty and underlying geriatric conditions. The VMS screening assesses patients on four domains (i.e. functional decline, delirium risk, fall risk and nutrition). The 15-item MFST-HP assesses patients on three domains of frailty (physical, social and psychological). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Data of 2,573 hospitalised patients (70+) admitted in 2013 were included, and relative risks, sensitivity and specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve of the two tools were calculated for discharge destination, readmissions and mortality. The data were derived from the patients nursing files. A STARD checklist was completed. Results: Different proportions of frail patients were identified by means of both tools: 1,369 (53.2%) based on the VMS and 414 (16.1%) based on the MFST-HP. The specificity was low for the VMS, and the sensitivity was low for the MFST-HP. The overall AUC for the VMS varied from 0.50 to 0.76 and from 0.49 to 0.69 for the MFST-HP. Conclusion: The predictive properties of the VMS and the more extended MFST-HP on the screening of frailty among older hospitalised patients are poor to moderate and not very promising. Relevance to clinical practice: The VMS labels a high proportion of older patients as potentially frail, while the MFST-HP labels over 80% as nonfrail. An extended tool did not increase the predictive ability of the VMS. However, information derived from the individual items of the screening tools may help nurses in daily practice to intervene on potential geriatric risks such as delirium risk or fall risk.

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Frailty screening in hospitalised older adults

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Do physical activity friendly neighborhoods affect community members equally?

An activity-friendly environment may increase physical activity (PA) levels and decrease sedentary behavior (SB). This study investigated associations between socio-demographic characteristics, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), perceived environment and objectively measured PA outcomes. Socio-demographic characteristics were assessed using a questionnaire and HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D. The Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS-A) was used to assess the perceived environment. SB, light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were measured using the Actigraph GT3X+. Data from 622 Dutch adults were used in multivariate linear regression analyses to investigate associations between NEWS-A and PA outcomes. Analyses were controlled for socio-demographic characteristics and HRQoL. The presence of attractive buildings was associated with less SB ( = ?0.086, p < 0.01) and more MVPA ( = 0.118, p < 0.01). Presence of destinations within walking distance was also positively associated with MVPA ( = 0.106, p < 0.01). Less crime was associated with less MVPA ( = 0.092, p < 0.05). Interactions between personal and environmental characteristics showed that the absence of PA-hindering characteristics (e.g., heavy traffic) was associated with less SB and more MVPA, but only for residents with problems regarding pain and usual activities. The presence of PA-facilitating characteristics (e.g., aesthetics and destinations) was associated with less SB, more LPA and more MVPA but only for the more advantaged people in society. Results suggest that to reduce health inequalities, it would be more helpful to remove barriers rather than introduce PA facilitating characteristics.

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Do physical activity friendly neighborhoods affect community members equally?

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Omvormprocessen

Deze publicatie is gemaakt in het kader van het project "Proceskeuze voor de fabricage van producten met hoge nauwkeurigheidseisen te vervaardigen in kleine series" en verschijnt tezamen met de publicatie "Een vergelijking van het laserlassen met conventionele lastechnieken voor kleine series producten". Het doel van deze publicatie is het ondersteunen van de ontwerper en de werkvoorbereider bij het kiezen van het optimale omvormproces wat betreft technologie en economie. Hierbij dient niet alleen te worden uitgegaan van de eisen die aan het eindproduct gesteld worden, maar er dient ook rekening te worden gehouden met de eisen die opvolgende bewerkingen, zoals lasprocessen aan halffabrikaten stellen.

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Modest Rise in Caesarean Section from 2000-2010

Background The caesarean delivery (CD) rate has risen in most countries over the last decades, but it remains relatively low in the Netherlands. Our objective was to analyse the trends of CD rates in various subgroups of women between 2000 and 2010, and identify the practice pattern that is attributable to the relative stability of the Dutch CD rate. Methods A total of 1,935,959 women from the nationwide Perinatal Registry of the Netherlands were included. Women were categorized into ten groups based on the modified CD classification scheme. Trends of CD rates in each group were described. Results The overall CD rate increased slightly from 14.0% in 2000–2001 to 16.7% in 2010. Fetal, early and late neonatal mortality rates decreased by 40–50% from 0.53%, 0.21%, 0.04% in 2000–2001 to 0.29%, 0.12%, 0.02% in 2010, respectively. During this period, the prevalence of non-vertex presentation decreased from 6.7% to 5.3%, even though the CD rate in this group was high. The nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of labor at term and a singleton child in vertex presentation had a CD rate of 9.9%, and 64.7% of multiparouswomen with at least one previous uterine scar and a singleton child in vertex presentation had a trial of labor and the success rate of vaginal delivery was 45.9%. Conclusions The Dutch experience indicates that external cephalic version for breech presentation, keeping the CD rate low in nulliparous women and encouraging a trial of labor in multiparous women with a previous scar, could help to keep the overall CD rate steady

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Modest Rise in Caesarean Section from 2000-2010

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Do clinical assessments, steady-state or daily-life gait characteristics predict falls in ambulatory chronic stroke survivors?

Objective: This exploratory study investigated to what extent gait characteristics and clinical physical therapy assessments predict falls in chronic stroke survivors. Design: Prospective study. Subjects: Chronic fall-prone and non-fall-prone stroke survivors. Methods: Steady-state gait characteristics were collected from 40 participants while walking on a treadmill with motion capture of spatio-temporal, variability, and stability measures. An accelerometer was used to collect daily-life gait characteristics during 7 days. Six physical and psychological assessments were administered. Fall events were determined using a “fall calendar” and monthly phone calls over a 6-month period. After data reduction through principal component analysis, the predictive capacity of each method was determined by logistic regression. Results: Thirty-eight percent of the participants were classified as fallers. Laboratory-based and daily-life gait characteristics predicted falls acceptably well, with an area under the curve of, 0.73 and 0.72, respectively, while fall predictions from clinical assessments were limited (0.64). Conclusion: Independent of the type of gait assessment, qualitative gait characteristics are better fall predictors than clinical assessments. Clinicians should therefore consider gait analyses as an alternative for identifying fall-prone stroke survivors.

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Do clinical assessments, steady-state or daily-life gait characteristics predict falls in ambulatory chronic stroke survivors?

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What are the needs of frail older patients in the emergency department? A qualitative study

Background: There is an increase in the number of frail elderly patients presenting to the emergency department. Diagnosis and treatment for this patient group is challenging due to multimorbidity, a-typical presentation and polypharmacy and requires specialised knowledge and competencies from healthcare professionals. We aim to explore the needs and preferences regarding emergency care in frail older patients based on their experiences with received care during Emergency Department admission. Method: A qualitative study design was used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted after discharge with twelve frail older patients admitted to emergency departments in the Netherlands. Data collection and analysis were performed iteratively, and data were thematically analysed. Results: The analysis enfolded the following themes; feeling disrupted, expecting to be cared for, suppressing their needs and wanting to be seen. These themes indicated a need for situational awareness by healthcare professionals when taking care of the participants and were influenced by the participants' life experiences. Conclusion: Frail older patients feel disrupted when admitted to the emergency department. Because of this, they expect to be cared for, lessen their own needs and want to be seen as human beings. The impact of the admission is influenced by the extent to which healthcare professionals show situational awareness.

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Lassen van aluminium en aluminiumlegeringen

Vonkerosie

Validity of three accelerometers to investigate lying, sitting, standing and walking

Frailty screening in hospitalised older adults

Do physical activity friendly neighborhoods affect community members equally?

Omvormprocessen

Modest Rise in Caesarean Section from 2000-2010

Do clinical assessments, steady-state or daily-life gait characteristics predict falls in ambulatory chronic stroke survivors?

What are the needs of frail older patients in the emergency department? A qualitative study

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Sandra Bellekom

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Products 32

Lassen van aluminium en aluminiumlegeringen

Vonkerosie

Validity of three accelerometers to investigate lying, sitting, standing and walking

Frailty screening in hospitalised older adults

Do physical activity friendly neighborhoods affect community members equally?

Omvormprocessen

Modest Rise in Caesarean Section from 2000-2010

Do clinical assessments, steady-state or daily-life gait characteristics predict falls in ambulatory chronic stroke survivors?

What are the needs of frail older patients in the emergency department? A qualitative study

People 1

Sandra Bellekom

Projects 1

Hoe kunnen modebedrijven consumenten bewegen naar een duurzame kledingkast?

Editorials 1

Opvoeden in verbondenheid met samenlevingspedagogiek