The current systematic framework of aviation has developed complex air transport systems where reliability and performance are sensitive and instantly adaptive to the supply side due to the growing and elevated degree of demand in aviation market circumstances. The role of quality measurements has increased. Determining quality performance indicators is difficult because of the system's uniqueness, interdependency, and unsupportable characteristics. This is accomplished by using the 'analytical hierarchy process (AHP)' by developing a survey based on a three-level hierarchical model of the air transport supply-side quality dispersed among four groups of aviation professionals, namely 1) pilots 2) ATCOs 3) aircraft engineers, and 4) aviation managers. The scope of this study is to analyse the crucial components of the present air transportation system and draw a distinction between all the current system components.
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In recent years business process management (BPM) and specifically information systems that support the analysis, design and execution of processes (also called business process management systems (BPMS)) are getting more attention. This has lead to an increase in research on BPM and BPMS. However the research on BPMS is mostly focused on the architecture of the system and how to implement such systems. How to select a BPM system that fits the strategy and goals of a specific organization is largely ignored. In this paper we present a BPMS selection method, which is based on research into the criteria that are important for organizations, which are going to implement a BPMS.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations has significantly advanced the field through increased autonomy. However, evaluating the critical aspects of these operations remains a challenge. In order to address this, the current study proposes the use of a combination of the 'Observe-Orient-Decide-Act (OODA)' loop and the 'Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)' method for evaluating AI-UAV systems. The integration of the OODA loop into AHP aims to assess and weigh the critical components of AI-UAV operations, including (i) perception, (ii) decision-making, and (iii) adaptation. The research compares the results of the AHP evaluation between different groups of UAV operators. The findings of this research identify areas for improvement in AI-UAV systems and guide the development of new technologies. In conclusion, this combined approach offers a comprehensive evaluation method for the current and future state of AI-UAV operations, focusing on operator group comparison.
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This paper discusses two studies - the one in a business context, the other in a university context - carried out with expert educational designers. The studies aimed to determine the priorities experts claim to employ when designing competence-based learning environments. Designers in both contexts agree almost completely on principles they feel are important. Both groups emphasized that one should start a design enterprise from the needs of the learners, instead of the content structure of the learning domain. However, unlike business designers, university designers find it extremely important to consider alternative solutions during the whole design process. University designers also say that they focus more on project plan and desired characteristics of the instructional blueprint whereas business designers report being more client-oriented, stressing the importance of "buying in" the client early in the process.
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The purpose of this Letter is to identify and specify what type of research is required to explore the role of the Chinese Social Credit System for Chinese outbound tourism decision-making. The Social Credit System will likely cause visible and invisible effects on tourist behaviour of the Chinese people. Visible effects include social media sharing of high trust scores by tourists. Invisible effects may include how the SCS affects decision-making of Chinese outbound tourists. I conclude that we need a more emic-etic understanding of Chinese outbound tourists by using a Delphi method in combination with the Analytical Hierarchy Process method.
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Background and objective Public involvement in palliative care is challenging and difficult, because people in need of palliative care are often not capable of speaking up for themselves. Patient representatives advocate for their common interests. The aim of our study was to examine in depth the current practice of public involvement in palliative care. Setting and sample The study was conducted in the province of Limburg in the Netherlands, with six palliative care networks. Study participants were 16 patient representatives and 12 professionals. Method This study had a descriptive design using qualitative methods: 18 in-depth interviews and three focus groups were conducted. The critical incident technique was used. The data were analysed using an analytical framework based on Arnstein’s involvement classification and the process of decision making. Impact categories as well as facilitators and barriers were analysed using content analysis. Findings and conclusion The perceived impact of public involvement in palliative care in terms of citizen control and partnership is greatest with regard to quality of care, information development and dissemination, and in terms of policymaking with regard to the preparation and implementation phases of decision making. The main difference in perceived impact between patient representatives and professionals relates to the tension between operational and strategic involvement. Patient representatives experienced more impact regarding short-term solutions to practical problems, while professionals perceived great benefits in long-term, strategic processes. Improving public involvement in palliative care requires positive attitudes, open communication, sufficient resources and long-term support, to build a solid basis for pursuing meaningful involvement in the entire decision-making process.
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Many studies report changes taking place in the field of higher education, changes which present considerable challenges to educational practice. Educational science should contribute to developing design guidance, enabling practitioners to respond to these challenges. Design patterns, as a form of design guidance, show potential since they promise to facilitate the design process and provide common ground for communication. However, the potential of patterns has not been fully exploited yet. We have proposed the introduction of a task conceptualization as an abstract view of the concept chosen as central: the task. The choice of the constituting elements of the task conceptualization has established an analytical perspective for analysis and (re)design of (e)learning environments. One of the constituting elements is that of ‘boundary objects’, which has added a focus on objects facilitating the coordination, alignment and integration of collaborative activities. The presented task conceptualization is deliberately generic in nature, to ease the portability between schools of thought and make it suitable for a wide target audience. The conceptualization and the accompanying graphical and textual representations have shown much promise in supporting the process of analysis and (re)design and add innovative insights to the domain of facilitating the creation of design patterns.
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Many of today’s challenges that confront society are complex and dynamic and require new perspectives, new ways of looking at problems and issues, in order to be able to come to solutions that could not be found before. This process is called reframing and we suggest that one of the key stages in this process is thematic research, the search for themes that underlie these complex challenges. These themes generally turn out to be human themes, related to socio-emotional aspects of life. In this paper we report our experiences and lessons learned from a series of cases in which we experimented with various approaches to do this thematic research.
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Particulate matter (PM) exposure, amongst others caused by emissions and industrial processes, is an important source of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. There are situations in which blue-collar workers in roadwork companies are at risk. This study investigated perceptions of risk and mitigation of employees in roadwork (construction and maintenance) companies concerning PM, as well as their views on methods to empower safety behavior, by means of a mental models approach. We held semi-structured interviews with twenty-two employees (three safety specialists, seven site managers and twelve blue-collar workers) in three different roadwork companies. We found that most workers are aware of the existence of PM and reduction methods, but that their knowledge about PM itself appears to be fragmented and incomplete. Moreover, road workers do not protect themselves consistently against PM. To improve safety instructions, we recommend focusing on health effects, reduction methods and the rationale behind them, and keeping workers’ mental models into account. We also recommend a healthy dialogue about work-related risk within the company hierarchy, to alleviate both information-related and motivation-related safety issues. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.06.043 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-bolte-0856134/
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