This study is the first to systematically and quantitatively explore the factors that determine the length of charging sessions at public charging stations for electric vehicles in urban areas, with particular emphasis placed on the combined parking- and charging-related determinants of connection times. We use a unique and large data set – containing information concerning 3.7 million charging sessions of 84,000 (i.e., 70% of) Dutch EV-users – in which both private users and taxi and car sharing vehicles are included; thus representing a large variation in charging duration behavior. Using multinomial logistic regression techniques, we identify key factors explaining heterogeneity in charging duration behavior across charging stations. We show how these explanatory variables can be used to predict EV-charging behavior in urban areas and we derive preliminary implications for policy-makers and planners who aim to optimize types and size of charging infrastructure.
This research explores the attitudes of children from different socio-economic backgrounds towards cars. This paper explores their projected choices and motivations in the context of (1) post-materialist values; (2) economic constraints; and (3) social status theories; and draws upon survey research among 140 upper elementary school children in the Netherlands between September 2010 and January 2011. Comparative analysis shows that there are significant differences in attitudes of children from different socio-economic backgrounds. Pupils from the affluent predominantly ethnically Dutch schools showed greater awareness of and concern about their parents’ and general use of cars, and less desire to own a car in the future, children from less economically advantaged schools demonstrated lower environmental awareness and concern and more desire to own a car in the future. This study is based on a small sample and indicates a need for large-scale follow-up study of children's attitudes towards cars. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2012.07.010 https://www.linkedin.com/in/helenkopnina/
MULTIFILE
This paper analyses the effect of two new developments: electrification and ‘free floating’ car sharing and their impact on public space. Contrary to station based shared cars, free floating cars do not have dedicated parking or charging stations. They therefore park at public parking spots and utilize public charging stations. A proper network of public charging stations is therefore required in order to keep the free floating fleet up and running. As more municipalities are considering the introduction of an electric free floating car sharing system, the outline of such a public charging network becomes a critical piece of information. The objective of this paper is to create insights that can optimize charging infrastructure for free floating shared cars, by presenting three analyses. First, a business area analysis shows an insight into which business areas are of interest to such a system. Secondly, the parking and charging behaviour of the vehicles is further examined. The third option looks deeper into the locations and their success factors. Finally, the results of the analysis of the city of Amsterdam are used to model the city of The Hague and the impact that a free floating electric car sharing system might have on the city and which areas are the white spots that need to be filled in.
Receiving the first “Rijbewijs” is always an exciting moment for any teenager, but, this also comes with considerable risks. In the Netherlands, the fatality rate of young novice drivers is five times higher than that of drivers between the ages of 30 and 59 years. These risks are mainly because of age-related factors and lack of experience which manifests in inadequate higher-order skills required for hazard perception and successful interventions to react to risks on the road. Although risk assessment and driving attitude is included in the drivers’ training and examination process, the accident statistics show that it only has limited influence on the development factors such as attitudes, motivations, lifestyles, self-assessment and risk acceptance that play a significant role in post-licensing driving. This negatively impacts traffic safety. “How could novice drivers receive critical feedback on their driving behaviour and traffic safety? ” is, therefore, an important question. Due to major advancements in domains such as ICT, sensors, big data, and Artificial Intelligence (AI), in-vehicle data is being extensively used for monitoring driver behaviour, driving style identification and driver modelling. However, use of such techniques in pre-license driver training and assessment has not been extensively explored. EIDETIC aims at developing a novel approach by fusing multiple data sources such as in-vehicle sensors/data (to trace the vehicle trajectory), eye-tracking glasses (to monitor viewing behaviour) and cameras (to monitor the surroundings) for providing quantifiable and understandable feedback to novice drivers. Furthermore, this new knowledge could also support driving instructors and examiners in ensuring safe drivers. This project will also generate necessary knowledge that would serve as a foundation for facilitating the transition to the training and assessment for drivers of automated vehicles.
In the coming decades, a substantial number of electric vehicle (EV) chargers need to be installed. The Dutch Climate Accord, accordingly, urges for preparation of regional-scale spatial programs with focus on transport infrastructure for three major metropolitan regions among them Amsterdam Metropolitan Area (AMA). Spatial allocation of EV chargers could be approached at two different spatial scales. At the metropolitan scale, given the inter-regional flow of cars, the EV chargers of one neighbourhood could serve visitors from other neighbourhoods during days. At the neighbourhood scale, EV chargers need to be allocated as close as possible to electricity substations, and within a walkable distance from the final destination of EV drivers during days and nights, i.e. amenities, jobs, and dwellings. This study aims to bridge the gap in the previous studies, that is dealing with only of the two scales, by conducting a two-phase study on EV infrastructure. At the first phase of the study, the necessary number of new EV chargers in 353 4-digit postcodes of AMA will be calculated. On the basis of the findings of the Phase 1, as a case study, EV chargers will be allocated at the candidate street parking locations in the Amsterdam West borough. The methods of the study are Mixed-integer nonlinear programming, accessibility and street pattern analysis. The study will be conducted on the basis of data of regional scale travel behaviour survey and the location of dwellings, existing chargers, jobs, amenities, and electricity substations.
Stedelijke regio’s streven naar een duurzame mobiliteitstransitie. Deze ambitie staat echter op gespannen voet met het hoge autobezit- en autogebruik. De stormachtige introductie van lichte elektrische voertuigen, oftewel LEVs (denk aan e-scooters, e-steps, e-(cargo)bikes en micro-cars) leek een belangrijke ‘gamechanger’ te zijn. Deze LEVs zijn namelijk klein en efficiënt, zijn nagenoeg emissievrij, bieden mogelijkheden voor het verbeteren van het voor- en natransport van het openbaar vervoer (OV) en worden bovendien door hun gebruikers als prettig ervaren tijdens het reizen.Tot op heden maken LEVs deze beloften echter onvoldoende waar. Bij de introductie, thans met name in de vorm van deelsystemen, komen diverse uitdagingen aan het licht zoals: 1) verrommeling en overlast door verkeerd gepareerde LEVs, 2) ongewenste substitutie van loop-, fiets- en OV-verplaatsingen en beperkte impact op autogebruik en 3) en zorgen over de verkeersveiligheid en beleving, met name op de (al steeds drukker wordende) fietsinfrastructuur in Nederland. Deze problemen komen mede voort uit de snelle introductie waardoor gemeenten achter de feiten aanliepen en geen gericht beleid konden voeren. Langzaam komen we nu in een periode van stabilisatie en regulering maar een doorontwikkeling naar pro-actief LEV beleid is nodig om de potentie van LEVs voor de mobiliteitstransitie te ondersteunen. Het LEVERAGE-consortium, bestaande uit sterke partners uit de triple helix, gaat daarom aan de slag met deze vraagstukken. De centrale onderzoeksvraag is:Wat is de potentie van LEVs voor de mobiliteitstransitie naar bereikbare, duurzame, verkeersveilige, inclusieve en leefbare stedelijke regio’s en hoe kan deze optimaal worden benut door een betere integratie van LEVs in het mobiliteitssysteem en het mobiliteitsbeleid en door een effectieve governance van de samenwerking tussen publieke en private stakeholders?Om deze vraag te beantwoorden heeft het consortium een ambitieus en innovatieve onderzoeksopzet gedefinieerd waarbij veel nadruk wordt gelegd op de disseminatie en exploitatie van kennis in de beleidspraktijk.Collaborative partnersProvincie Noord-Brabant, Metropoolregio Arnhem-Nijmegen, Gemeente Eindhoven, Gemeente Breda, Gemeente Arnhem, Ministerie I&W, Rijkswaterstaat, Arriva, PON, Check, Citysteps, Cenex, TIER, We-all-Wheel, Fleet investment, Goudappel, Kennisinstellingen en netwerkorganisaties, HAN, TU/e, CROW, Connekt, POLIS, SWOV.
