Within eGovernment, trust in electronic stored information (ESI) is a necessity. In the last decades, most organizations underwent substantial reorganization. The integration of structured data in relational databases has improved documentation of business transactions and increased data quality. That integration has improved accountability as well. Almost 90% of the information that organizations manage is unstructured (e.g., e-mail, documents, multimedia files, etc.). Those files cannot be integrated into a traditional database in an easy way. Like structured data, unstructured ESI in organizations can be denoted as records, when it is meant to be (and used as) evidence for organizational policies, decisions, products, actions and transactions. Stakeholders in eGovernment, like citizens, governments and courts, are making increasing demands for the trustworthiness of this ESI for privacy, evidential and transparency reasons. A theoretical analysis of literature of information, organization and archival science illustrates that for delivering evidence, reconstruction of the past is essential, even in this age of information overload. We want to analyse how Digital Archiving and eDiscovery contribute to the realization of trusted ESI, to the reconstruction of the past and to delivering evidence. Digital Archiving ensures (by implementing and managing the ‘information value chain’) that: [1] ESI can be trusted, that it meets the necessary three dimensions of information: quality, context and relevance, and that [2] trusted ESI meets the remaining fourth dimension of information: survival, so that it is preserved for as long as is necessary (even indefinitely) to comply to privacy, accountability and transparency regulations. EDiscovery is any process (or series of processes) in which (trusted) ESI is sought, located, secured and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. A difference between the two mechanisms is that Digital Archiving is implemented ex ante and eDiscovery ex post legal proceedings. The combination of both mechanisms ensures that organizations have a documented understanding of [1] the processing of policies, decisions, products, actions and transactions within (inter-) organizational processes; [2] the way organizations account for those policies, decisions, products, actions and transactions within their business processes; and [3] the reconstruction of policies, decisions, products, actions and transactions from business processes over time. This understanding is extremely important for the realization of eGovernment, for which reconstruction of the past is an essential functionality. Both mechanisms are illustrated with references to practical examples.
This report presents the highlights of the 7th European Meeting on Molecular Diagnostics held in Scheveningen, The Hague, The Netherlands, 12-14 October 2011. The areas covered included molecular diagnostics applications in medical microbiology, virology, pathology, hemato-oncology,clinical genetics and forensics. Novel real-time amplification approaches, novel diagnostic applications and new technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, PCR lectrospray-ionization TOF mass spectrometry and techniques based on the detection of proteins or other molecules, were discussed. Furthermore, diagnostic companies presented their future visions for molecular diagnostics in human healthcare.
Mixed reality is een techniek die het mogelijk maakt om met een speciale bril, zoals de Hololens van Microsoft, beelden en informatie in de brillenglazen te tonen die precies op de werkelijkheid passen en deze deels overlappen. De verwachting is dat deze techniek een krachtig hulpmiddel zal worden bij het organiseren van samenwerking op plaatsen waar veel plaats gebonden informatie moet worden gedeeld en gebruikt, zoals bij forensisch onderzoek. In het proces van opsporing en vervolging in de strafrechtketen, dat begint met een onderzoek van de plaats delict en via laboratorium en andere onderzoeken eindigt met de presentatie van alle onderzoeksresultaten in de rechtbank, wordt veel verwezen naar plaatsen en omstandigheden waarin sporen of bewijsmateriaal zijn gevonden. Hierbij wordt veel gebruik gemaakt van forensische visualisatie in vormen die variëren van tekeningen, fotoalbums, video-opnames, virtual reality tours tot en met interactieve 3-dimensionale computermodellen. In dit voorstel wordt onderzocht wat de rol van mixed reality kan worden in het onderzoek op een plaats delict, en in de opleiding en training van rechercheurs. De verwachting is dat de verworven inzichten ook bruikbaar zullen zijn in andere werkvelden waar regelmatig bijzondere situaties moeten worden onderzocht. Dit onderzoek zal worden uitgevoerd door het lectoraat Digital Forensics & E-discovery van Hogeschool Leiden in samenwerking met het Lectoraat/Onderzoeksprogramma Forensisch Onderzoek van de Hogeschool van Amsterdam en de Politieacademie.
