Dit rapport beschrijft de trends in binnen- en buitenland op het gebied van Open Educational Resources. Dat gebeurt aan de hand van twaalf artikelen van Nederlandse experts op het gebied van open leermaterialen in het hoger onderwijs. Ook bevat het rapport twaalf intermezzo’s met spraakmakende voorbeelden.
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Higher education (HE) is engaged in a variety of educational innovations, as well as professional development initiatives (PDIs) to support teachers in attaining the required expertise. To improve teacher professional learning and development (PLD) and innovation processes, it is important to understand whether, how and why different PLD practices work for different innovations, contexts and populations. However, research is characterized by descriptive, single case studies and lacks a common framework to relate research findings. To address this shortcoming, this study collected and compared a wide variety of cases to develop a typology of practices. The results showed that educational innovations and teacher PLD were typically configured in three ways: (1) the focus is on implementing a new form of education and teacher learning is used as a means to this end, (2) the focus is on teachers’ professional learning and the educational innovations are spin-offs, and (3) the focus is on stimulating innovations and teacher learning is a side-effect. These types of configurations differed regarding the educational innovation, required teacher expertise, professional development initiatives, teacher learning, and outcome measures. The typology serves as a framework that may help to reflect on practices, bridge disciplines, and formulate hypotheses for future research.
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Due to the variegated nature of the teaching profession system, different actors operating in this system (teachers, school leaders, policy makers) are inevitably intertwined and assumably influence each other’s sensemaking processes, especially when system-wide educational change occurs. Gaining insight into how different actors in the teacher profession system make sense of educational change is important, as it might hamper or enable the system's adaptive capacity. That is why we stretched Coburn’s model of collective sensemaking from a teacher-team lens to include different actors and focus on their interpersonal dynamics during sensemaking processes. Performing a conceptual review, we synthesized 87 articles which focus on collective sensemaking of the following actor groups: (1) teachers (micro), (2) school leaders (meso), and/or (3) district/state/national leaders, policy makers, professional development providers, curriculum developers, researchers, community members, and parents (macro). In the results we describe how actors’ involvement varied due to different role distributions and role perceptions of actors. In addition, four contextual factors influencing the interpersonal dynamics were distinguished that were closely related to leadership practices that enable actors to compare the change with their own beliefs and (organizational) practices. We describe three mechanisms which explain how actors valuate a change (valuating), how they are owning this change (owning), and which is shaped by gatekeeping of sensegivers in their social context (gatekeeping).
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In het hoger beroepsonderwijs moeten studenten praktijk- en beroepsgerichte teksten schrijven zoals gezinsanalyses (in pedagogische opleidingen), verslagen van praktijkproeven (in technische opleidingen), enzovoort. Daarbij gelden vorm- en inhoudseisen van het schrijfproduct, wordt het gebruik van vak- en academische taal verwacht en moet de student zijn vakkennis correct benutten en verwoorden. Voor hbo-docenten betekent dit dat zij idealiter aandacht besteden aan ontwikkeling van vakkennis én aan taalontwikkeling bij hun studenten – bij voorkeur geïntegreerd. Om hbo-docenten hierin te trainen zijn lessen van enkele van hun collega’s gefilmd als good practices.
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How lecturers in higher education handle, or curate, educational resources during course design, has become increasingly important with the growing amount of digitally available educational materials. Despite the recognition of curation in educational literature and the development of two conceptual models, there is a lack of empirical knowledge of lecturers' actual curational practices. Through 23 semi-structured interviews at a Dutch University of Applied Sciences, this study identified six categories of distinguishable but interconnected activities that constitute lecturers' curational behaviour, taking place within the context of course design. These activities are: searching for resources, assessing and selecting resources, creating and editing resources, structuring resources, sharing resources, and soliciting feedback. The findings suggest that lecturers underemphasize the construction of a narrative that relates the resources and are providing students with little didactical support when sharing the resources. This paper offers an empirical a foundation for educational curation and suggests directions for future research to inform lecturers’ course design practices and enhance support for lecturers in this critical task.
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This report is the result of a study commissioned by UNESCO-UNEVOC to fill the gap both on mapping the landscape of the use of Open Educational Resources (OER) and open practices in the field of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) and to provide Member States and UNESCO, in particular UNESCO-UNEVOC, with recommendations to support the creation and the use of OER in TVET.
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This paper assesses the impact of perceived HRM practices on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and whether leader membership exchange (LMX) mediates this relationship. The required research data were retrieved from four different departments within a logistics and supply chain management organisation. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the HRM practices as perceived by a subordinate and their level of organisational citizenship behaviour. The relationship that subordinates have with their frontline manager (LMX) acts as a significant mediator. In the final section, of this paper the findings are discussed and recommendations for future research and practical implications are given.
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This dissertation presents the results of a research project on unraveling the dynamics of facilitating workplace learning through pedagogic practices in healthcare placements. Supervisors are challenged to foster safe learning opportunities and fully utilize the learning potential of placement through stimulating active participation for students while ensuring quality patient care. In healthcare placements, staff shortages and work pressure may lead to stress when facilitating workplace learning. Enhancing pedagogic practices in healthcare placements seems essential to support students in challenging experiences, such as emotional challenges. This dissertation proposes approaches for optimizing learning experiences for students by highlighting the value of day-to-day work activities and interactions in healthcare placements, and shedding light on agency in workplace learning through supervisor- and student-strategies.
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