Website ontwikkeld met tips, ervaringen & lessons learned: Digital fabricage technieken - How to make almost everything, Fab Academy.
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From the article: "A facile approach for the fabrication of large-scale interdigitated nanogap electrodes (nanogap IDEs) with a controllable gap was demonstrated with conventional micro-fabrication technology to develop chemocapacitors for gas sensing applications. In this work, interdigitated nanogap electrodes (nanogap IDEs) with gaps from 50–250 nm have been designed and processed at full wafer-scale. These nanogap IDEs were then coated with poly(4-vinyl phenol) as a sensitive layer to form gas sensors for acetone detection at low concentrations. These acetone sensors showed excellent sensing performance with a dynamic range from 1000 ppm to 10 ppm of acetone at room temperature and the observed results are compared with conventional interdigitated microelectrodes according to our previous work. Sensitivity and reproducibility of devices are discussed in detail. Our approach of fabrication of nanogap IDEs together with a simple coating method to apply the sensing layer opens up possibilities to create various nanogap devices in a cost-effective manner for gas sensing applications"
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BACKGROUND: The design and manufacturing of effective foot orthoses is a complex multidisciplinary problem involving biomedical and gait pattern aspects, technical material and geometric design elements as well as psychological and social contexts. This complexity contributes to the current trial-and-error and experience-based orthopedic footwear practice in which a major part of the expertise is implicit. This hampers knowledge transfer, reproducibility and innovation. OBJECTIVE/METHODS: A systematic review of literature has been performed to find evidence of explicit knowledge, quantitative guidelines and design motivations of pedorthists. RESULTS: 17 studies have been included. No consensus is found on which measurable parameters ensure proper foot and ankle functioning. Parameters suggested are: neutral foot positioning and control of rearfoot motion, maximum arch, but also tibial internal/external rotation as well as a three point force system. Also studies evaluating foot orthoses centering on the diagnosis or orthosis type find no clear guidelines for treatment or for measuring the effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS: A gap in the translation from diagnosis to a specific, customized and quantified effective orthosis design is identified. Suggested solutions are both top-down, fitting of patient data in simulations, as well as bottom-up, quantifying current practices of pedorthists in order to develop new practical guidelines and evidence-based procedures.
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Printplaten (PCB's) zijn essentieel in elektronische producten. Ze bestaan uit een drager, geleidende kopersporen en een beschermende soldermask-laag. PCB's worden geproduceerd via fotolithografie en etstechnieken, wat kostenefficiënt is voor massaproductie, maar niet voor kleine oplages. Dit vormt een probleem wanneer bedrijven één PCB nodig hebben, bijvoorbeeld in de ontwerp- of prototypefase en bij eenmalige installaties. Bedrijven zoals 100%FAT en Edulogics bestellen dan meerdere PCB's, waarvan ze slechts één gebruiken. PCB-productiebedrijf DeltaProto beaamt dat bijna al hun klanten op deze manier werken. Dit leidt tot verspilling. Bovendien maken bedrijven zich, bij uitbesteding van PCB-productie, zorgen over veiligheid van hun ontwerpen en ecologische voetafdruk van productie en verzending. Digital manufacturing maakt het mogelijk om in-house PCB’s te maken. Dit biedt flexibiliteit en snelheid, maar het ontbreekt aan een methode om een kwalitatief goede soldermask-laag aan te brengen. Deze PCB’s voldoen niet aan industrie-standaarden, waardoor bedrijven deze methode niet gebruiken. Dit project richt zich op de ontwikkeling van een methode voor additive manufacturing, zoals inkjet-printing, van soldermask op PCB's, zodat ze voldoen aan industrie-standaarden. Additive manufacturing wordt digitaal gestuurd dus maakt snelle ontwerpwijzigingen mogelijk en materiaal wordt alleen aangebracht waar nodig. Dit minimaliseert verspilling, verlaagt opstartkosten en maakt in-house productie van prototype-PCB’s geschikt voor professioneel gebruik. Een eenjarig verkennend onderzoek is nodig om technische uitdagingen en eisen voor het aanbrengen van een soldermask-laag te begrijpen en een prototype te ontwikkelen als proof-of-concept. Wanneer deze technologie wordt ontwikkeld, zal in-house PCB-productie bijdragen aan sneller, beter en verantwoord ontwerpen van elektronica. Dit projectvoorstel past binnen het innovatiedomein Smart Industry door de focus op flexibele en duurzame productie van prototype-PCB's. Het draagt bij aan technologieontwikkeling en heeft een duidelijke maatschappelijke impact. Daarnaast sluit het aan bij innovatiedomeinen Mechatronics en Optomechatronics en sleutel technologieën Advanced Materials en Engineering and fabrication technologies, wat de relevantie verder onderstreept.
Currently, many novel innovative materials and manufacturing methods are developed in order to help businesses for improving their performance, developing new products, and also implement more sustainability into their current processes. For this purpose, additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been very successful in the fabrication of complex shape products, that cannot be manufactured by conventional approaches, and also using novel high-performance materials with more sustainable aspects. The application of bioplastics and biopolymers is growing fast in the 3D printing industry. Since they are good alternatives to petrochemical products that have negative impacts on environments, therefore, many research studies have been exploring and developing new biopolymers and 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of fully biobased products. In particular, 3D printing of smart biopolymers has attracted much attention due to the specific functionalities of the fabricated products. They have a unique ability to recover their original shape from a significant plastic deformation when a particular stimulus, like temperature, is applied. Therefore, the application of smart biopolymers in the 3D printing process gives an additional dimension (time) to this technology, called four-dimensional (4D) printing, and it highlights the promise for further development of 4D printing in the design and fabrication of smart structures and products. This performance in combination with specific complex designs, such as sandwich structures, allows the production of for example impact-resistant, stress-absorber panels, lightweight products for sporting goods, automotive, or many other applications. In this study, an experimental approach will be applied to fabricate a suitable biopolymer with a shape memory behavior and also investigate the impact of design and operational parameters on the functionality of 4D printed sandwich structures, especially, stress absorption rate and shape recovery behavior.
Electrohydrodynamic Atomization (EHDA), also known as Electrospray (ES), is a technology which uses strong electric fields to manipulate liquid atomization. Among many other areas, electrospray is currently used as an important tool for biomedical applications (droplet encapsulation), water technology (thermal desalination and metal recovery) and material sciences (nanofibers and nano spheres fabrication, metal recovery, selective membranes and batteries). A complete review about the particularities of this technology and its applications was recently published in a special edition of the Journal of Aerosol Sciences [1]. Even though EHDA is already applied in many different industrial processes, there are not many controlling tools commercially available which can be used to remotely operate the system as well as identify some spray characteristics, e.g. droplet size, operational mode, droplet production ratio. The AECTion project proposes the development of an innovative controlling system based on the electrospray current, signal processing & control and artificial intelligence to build a non-visual tool to control and characterize EHDA processes.
