Equestrianism is currently facing a range of pressing challenges. These challenges, which are largely based on evolving attitudes to ethics and equine wellbeing, have consequences for the sport’s social licence to operate. The factors that may have contributed to the current situation include overarching societal trends, specific aspects of the equestrian sector, and factors rooted in human nature. If equestrianism is to flourish, it is evident that much needs to change, not the least,human behaviour. To this end, using established behaviour change frameworks that have been scientifically validated and are rooted in practice — most notably, Michie et al.’s COM-B model and Behaviour Change Wheel — could be of practical value for developing and implementing equine welfare strategies. This review summarises the theoretical underpinnings of some behaviour change frameworks and provides a practical, step-by-step approach to designing an effective behaviour change intervention. A real-world example is provided through the retrospective analysis of an intervention strategy that aimed to increase the use of learning theory in (educational) veterinary practice. We contend that the incorporation of effective behaviour change interventions into any equine welfare improvement strategy may help to safeguard the future of equestrianism.
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High consumption of animal-source foods, specifically meat, adversely affects human health and the environment. Dietary habits are shaped at younger ages and a reduction in meat consumption may be facilitated by the life course transitions in early adulthood, but studies are limited. This study among young Dutch adults aimed to describe their perceptions on the influence of life course transitions on meat consumption, barriers and enablers to reduce meat consumption, and strategies for reducing meat consumption. Barriers and enablers were grouped applying the COM-B model that includes capability, opportunity, and motivation. This quantitative cross-sectional study included a representative sample of 1806 young adults from two Dutch consumer panels who completed an online survey. Young adults frequently reported life course transitions, especially those related to moving house, to have decreased their meat consumption. Barriers and enablers to reduce meat consumption were identified for all three factors of the COM-B model. Important barriers included taste, perceived high prices of meat alternatives, and habits. In contrast, important enablers included care for the environment and animal welfare, enjoyment of smaller portions of meat and saving money. However, barriers and enablers largely differed by groups of meat consumption frequency. Self-perceived effective strategies for reducing meat consumption were price reduction of meat alternatives, recipes for vegetarian meals, and more attractive meat alternatives. The findings of this study are relevant for the development of targeted behaviour-change programmes including interventions in the physical and the social environment (like lowering prices and improving the offer of meat alternatives).
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Background Prehabilitation offers patients the opportunity to actively participate in their perioperative care by preparing themselves for their upcoming surgery. Experiencing barriers may lead to non-participation, which can result in a reduced functional capacity, delayed post-operative recovery and higher healthcare costs. Insight in the barriers and facilitators to participation in prehabilitation can inform further development and implementation of prehabilitation. The aim of this review was to identify patient-experienced barriers and facilitators for participation in prehabilitation. Methods For this mixed methods systematic review, articles were searched in PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they contained data on patient-reported barriers and facilitators to participation in prehabilitation in adults undergoing major surgery. Following database search, and title and abstract screening, full text articles were screened for eligibility and quality was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Relevant data from the included studies were extracted, coded and categorized into themes, using an inductive approach. Based on these themes, the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model was chosen to classify the identified themes. Results Three quantitative, 14 qualitative and 6 mixed methods studies, published between 2007 and 2022, were included in this review. A multitude of factors were identified across the different COM-B components. Barriers included lack of knowledge of the benefits of prehabilitation and not prioritizing prehabilitation over other commitments (psychological capability), physical symptoms and comorbidities (physical capability), lack of time and limited financial capacity (physical opportunity), lack of social support (social opportunity), anxiety and stress (automatic motivation) and previous experiences and feeling too fit for prehabilitation (reflective motivation). Facilitators included knowledge of the benefits of prehabilitation (psychological capability), having access to resources (physical opportunity), social support and encouragement by a health care professional (social support), feeling a sense of control (automatic motivation) and beliefs in own abilities (reflective motivation). Conclusions A large number of barriers and facilitators, influencing participation in prehabilitation, were found across all six COM-B components. To reach all patients and to tailor prehabilitation to the patient’s needs and preferences, it is important to take into account patients’ capability, opportunity and motivation.
De opkomst van True Pricing als een alternatieve benadering voor prijsstelling en kostenanalyse weerspiegelt de groeiende aandacht voor duurzaamheid en maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen. True Pricing integreert externe kosten, zoals milieuvervuiling en sociale impact, voor een nauwkeuriger beeld van de totale kosten van producten en diensten. Traditionele economische modellen negeren vaak deze kosten, wat de impact van de keuzes van besluitvormers en consumenten beperkt. True Pricing stimuleert eerlijker en duurzamer economisch ondernemen, wat zowel voordelen oplevert voor het milieu en de samenleving als kansen biedt voor innovatie en verbeterde besluitvorming. Consumentengedrag begrijpen is cruciaal voor het succes van True Pricing. Factoren zoals acceptatie, prijsperceptie en gedragsverandering spelen hierbij een rol. Effectieve communicatie is essentieel om consumentenbewustzijn te vergroten en bereidheid om de echte kosten van producten te betalen te stimuleren. Dit KIEM-project draagt bij aan gedragsverandering en systeemverandering door met het COM-B gedragsmodel, consumentengedrag in reactie op communicatie over True Pricing te analyseren. Door consumenten daarbij aan te moedigen bewustere keuzes te maken, wordt de weg vrijgemaakt voor een algehele systeemverandering voor prijsstelling en kostenanalyse. De focus ligt op de voedselindustrie met expertise in True Price berekeningen en een dringende vraag naar effectieve communicatie. Om deze reden zijn True Price, Source Ops, en de HvA samengekomen om praktijkgericht onderzoek te doen naar consumentengedrag en communicatiestrategieën om de overgang naar True Pricing te binnen de catering te bevorderen. Hierbij beschikken deze praktijkpartners over specifieke expertise omtrent True Pricing, communicatiestrategieën, en catering. Het onderzoek richt zich op het in kaart brengen van externe kosten, het vertalen ervan naar consumenten via verschillende communicatiemiddelen- en content, en het testen van communicatie bij aankoop van voedsel. De centrale vraag is ‘welke communicatiemiddelen- en content motiveren consumenten om de True Price van voedsel te betalen en om duurzamere koopbeslissingen te nemen?’
