The broad field of environmental ethics, animal welfare, animal liberation, and animal rights literature indicate that all encounters between humans and animals are ethically charged. In this article, I shall examine how environmental ethics or animal welfare/rights/liberation literature translate into public media. The case study will delve into the representation of animals in the Dutch newspapers, using content analysis to provide an empirical basis for monitoring public opinion. Assuming that attitudes to animals are influenced by media coverage, the results of this case study will be brought to bear upon the discussion of the representation of animals beyond a specific national context. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/helenkopnina/
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Control methods are applied worldwide to reduce predation on livestock by European red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Lethal methods can inflict suffering; however, moral debate about their use is lacking. Non-lethal methods can also inflict suffering and can unintentionally lead to death, and yet both the welfare consequences and ethical perspectives regarding their use are rarely discussed. The aim of this study was to investigate the animal welfare consequences, the level of humaneness, the ethical considerations and the moral implications of the global use of fox control methods according to Tom Regan’s animal rights view and Peter Singer’s utilitarian view. According to Regan, foxes ought not to be controlled by either lethal or potentially harmful non-lethal methods because this violates the right of foxes not to be harmed or killed. According to Singer, if an action maximises happiness or the satisfaction of preferences over unhappiness or suffering, then the action is justified. Therefore, if and only if the use of fox control methods can prevent suffering and death in livestock in a manner that outweighs comparable suffering and death in foxes is one morally obligated t
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Several studies have suggested that precision livestock farming (PLF) is a useful tool foranimal welfare management and assessment. Location, posture and movement of an individual are key elements in identifying the animal and recording its behaviour. Currently, multiple technologies are available for automated monitoring of the location of individual animals, ranging from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to ultra-wideband (UWB), RFID, wireless sensor networks (WSN) and even computer vision. These techniques and developments all yield potential to manage and assess animal welfare, but also have their constraints, such as range and accuracy. Combining sensors such as accelerometers with any location determining technique into a sensor fusion systemcan give more detailed information on the individual cow, achieving an even more reliable and accurate indication of animal welfare. We conclude that location systems are a promising approach to determining animal welfare, especially when applied in conjunction with additional sensors, but additional research focused on the use of technology in animal welfare monitoring is needed.
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In the last decade, the concept on interactions between humans, animals and their environment has drastically changed, endorsed by the One Health approach that recognizes that health of humans and animals are inextricably linked. Consideration of welfare of livestock has increased accordingly and with it, attention into the possibilities to improve livestock health via natural, more balanced nutrition is expanding. Central to effects of healthy nutrition is an optimal gastrointestinal condition which entails a well-balanced functional local immune system leading to a resilient state of well-being. This project proposal, GITools, aims to establish a toolbox of in vitro assays to screen new feed ingredients for beneficial effects on gastrointestinal health and animal well-being. GITools will focus on pig and chicken as important livestock species present in high quantities and living in close proximity to humans. GITools builds on intestinal models (intestinal cell lines and stem cell-derived organoids), biomarker analysis, and in vitro enzymatic and microbial digestion models of feed constituents. The concept of GITools originated from various individual contacts and projects with industry partners that produce animal feed (additives) or veterinary medicines. Within these companies, an urgent need exists for straightforward, well-characterized and standardized in vitro methods that provide results translatable to the in vivo situation. This to replace testing of new feed concepts in live animal. We will examine in vitro methods for their applicability with feed ingredients selected based on the availability of data from (previous) in vivo studies. These model compounds will include long and short chain fatty acids, oligosaccharides and herbal-derived components. GITools will deliver insights on the role of intestinal processes (e.g. dietary hormone production, growth of epithelial cells, barrier function and innate immune responses) in health and well-being of livestock animals and improve the efficiency of testing new feed products.
Het is erg moeilijk om het welzijn van herpeten vast te stellen zonder invasieve handelingen, zoals corticosteron metingen in het bloed, te verrichten. Dit onderzoek richt zich op het gebruik van non-invasieve (observatie en ontlasting) methoden als valide indicaties van het welzijn van herpeten. Zo kunnen stesshormonen gemeten worden in ontlasting van herpeten (Scheun, Greeff, & Ganswindt, 2018) waardoor bloedonderzoek niet nodig is. Onderzoek heeft uitgewezen dat bij in het wild levende herpeten (roodwangschildpadden, Cash et al. 1997) al binnen een half uur het corticosteron gehalte in het bloed significant hoger is na een hanteersessie. Het is nog niet bekend hoelang het duurt voordat deze corticosteron in de ontlasting te vinden is. De focus van dit onderzoek ligt op de baardagame (Pogona vitticeps) als meest gehouden herpeet in gevangenschap. Na validatie van de observeerbare stressindicatoren met metingen van stresshormonen in de ontlasting, zullen er dieren worden gehuisvest volgens verschillende richtlijnen; bijvoorbeeld van LICG, PvH, het Groot Handboek Terrariumkunde. Vervolgens wordt er gekeken of er een verschil is in de uitingen van stressindicatoren bij verschillende huisvestingsmethoden. Met de metingen van stresshormonen kan tegelijkertijd de vraag beantwoord worden hoelang corticosteron in de ontlasting zichtbaar blijft. De verwachte op te leveren producten zijn; observeerbare gedragsindicatoren voor het meten van welzijn bij de Baardagame, richtlijnen voor het bepalen van welzijn van de Baardagame door professionals zoals de RVO en bijgestelde huisvestingsrichtlijnen te gebruiken door de hobbyist. Dit (praktijk)onderzoek is een samenwerking tussen drie Aeres mbo-locaties Dierverzorging, het practoraat Dierenwelzijn en -gezondheid, het lectoraat ‘Smart Animal Behaviour & Welfare Management’ van Hogeschool Van Hall Larenstein, een dierenartspraktijk en twee belangenverenigingen. De onderzoeksvraag luidt; ‘Is er een correlatie tussen observeerbare stressindicatoren en de stresshormoon spiegel van de Baardagame’?
