Dit rapport beschrijft de achtergrond en bevindingen van een studie naar de bijdrage van job crafting aan duurzame inzetbaarheid. Job crafting gaat uit van het principe dat werknemers zelf bewust (en soms minder bewust) aanpassingen doen aan de taakinhoud en –uitvoering, zodat het werk beter aansluit bij veranderende behoeftes, sterktes en (cognitieve of fysieke) vermogens. In het kader van een TNO-onderzoeksprogramma1 gericht op de bevordering van duurzame inzetbaarheid onder oudere werknemers in de context van lagergeschoold werk zijn de mogelijkheden van job crafting binnen 3 pilotorganisaties verkend.
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Recently, the job market for Artificial Intelligence (AI) engineers has exploded. Since the role of AI engineer is relatively new, limited research has been done on the requirements as set by the industry. Moreover, the definition of an AI engineer is less established than for a data scientist or a software engineer. In this study we explore, based on job ads, the requirements from the job market for the position of AI engineer in The Netherlands. We retrieved job ad data between April 2018 and April 2021 from a large job ad database, Jobfeed from TextKernel. The job ads were selected with a process similar to the selection of primary studies in a literature review. We characterize the 367 resulting job ads based on meta-data such as publication date, industry/sector, educational background and job titles. To answer our research questions we have further coded 125 job ads manually. The job tasks of AI engineers are concentrated in five categories: business understanding, data engineering, modeling, software development and operations engineering. Companies ask for AI engineers with different profiles: 1) data science engineer with focus on modeling, 2) AI software engineer with focus on software development , 3) generalist AI engineer with focus on both models and software. Furthermore, we present the tools and technologies mentioned in the selected job ads, and the soft skills. Our research helps to understand the expectations companies have for professionals building AI-enabled systems. Understanding these expectations is crucial both for prospective AI engineers and educational institutions in charge of training those prospective engineers. Our research also helps to better define the profession of AI engineering. We do this by proposing an extended AI engineering life-cycle that includes a business understanding phase.
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Nowadays companies need higher educated engineers to develop their competences to enable them to innovate. This innovation competence is seen as a remedy for the minor profitable business they do during the financial crises. Innovation is an element to be developed on the one hand for big companies as well as for small-and-medium sized companies through Europe to overcome this crisis. The higher education can be seen as an institution where youngsters, coming from secondary schools, who choose to learn at higher education to realize their dream, what they like to become in the professional world. The tasks of the Universities of applied Sciences are to prepare these youngsters to become starting engineers doing their job well in the companies. Companies work for a market, trying to manufacture products which customers are willing to pay for. They ask competent employees helping achieving this goal. It is important these companies inform the Universities of applied Sciences in order to modify their educational program in such a way that the graduated engineers are learning the latest knowledge and techniques, which they need to know doing their job well. The Universities of applied Sciences of Oulu (Finland) and Fontys Eindhoven (The Netherlands) are working together to experience possibilities to qualify their students on innovation development in an international setting. In the so-called: ‘Invention Project’, students are motivated to find their own invention, to design it, to prepare this idea for prototyping and to really manufacture it. Organizing the project, special attention is given to communication protocol between students and also between teachers. Students have meetings on Thursday every week through Internet connection with the communication program OPTIMA, which is provided by the Oulu University. Not only the time difference between Finland and the Netherlands is an issue to be organized also effective protocols how to provide each other relevant information and also how to make in an effective way decisions are issues. In the paper the writers will present opinions of students, teachers and also companies in both regions of Oulu and Eindhoven on the effectiveness of this project reaching the goal students get more experienced to set up innovative projects in an international setting. The writers think this is an important and needed competence for nowadays young engineers to be able to create lucrative inventions for companies where they are going to work for. In the paper the writers also present the experiences of the supervising conditions during the project. The information found will lead to success-factors and do’s and don’ts for future projects with international collaboration.
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Dit Professional Doctorate-traject zal zich richten op het doorontwikkelen van de sociaal werk interventie vangnetwerken, een interventie die is beschreven en onderzocht, op vier door de praktijk gearticuleerde issues : ● Methodische verdieping ● Samenwerking tussen GGZ en sociaal werk ● De rol van ‘coaching on the job’ bij het aanleren van de methode ● Duurzame financiering van sociaal werk interventies. De betrokken werkveldorganisatie is welzijnsorganisatie ContourdeTwern. Deze organisatie wil gedurende het traject 4 bestaande vangnetwerken doorontwikkelen en 2 nieuw op te zetten. Binnen het traject wordt gebruik gemaakt van participatieve methoden, zoals participatief actie-onderzoek en professional development. De activiteiten binnen het traject zijn in de eerste plaats gericht op lokale praktijkversterking. In de tweede plaats worden ervaringen die in het traject worden opgedaan verbreed naar andere interventies voor de doelgroep. Ten derde worden de ervaringen in het traject benut om landelijk te agenderen. Tot slot levert het traject een bijdrage aan kennisontwikkeling voor het sociaal werk.
