Nightshift workers go against the natural sleep–wake rhythm. Light can shift the circadian clock but can also induce acute alertness. This placebo-controlled exploratory field study examined the effectiveness of light glasses to improve alertness while reducing the sleep complaints of hospital nurses working nightshifts. In a crossover within-subjects design, 23 nurses participated, using treatment glasses and placebo glasses. Sleepiness and sleep parameters were measured. A linear mixed model analysis on sleepiness revealed no significant main effect of the light intervention. An interaction e ect was found indicating that under the placebo condition, sleepiness was significantly higher on the first nightshift than on the last night, while under the treatment condition, sleepiness remainedstable across nightshift sessions. Sleepiness during the commute home also showed a significant interaction effect, demonstrating that after the first nightshift, driver sleepiness was higher for placebo than for treatment. Subjective sleep quality showed a negative main effect of treatment vs. placebo, particularly after the first nightshift. In retrospect, both types of light glasses were self-rated as effective. The use of light glasses during the nightshift may help to reduce driver sleepiness during the commute home, which is relevant, as all participants drove home by car or (motor) bike.
Our current smart society, where problems and frictions are smoothed out with smart, often invisible technology like AI and smart sensors, calls for designers who unravel and open the smart fabric. Societies are not malleable, and moreover, a smooth society without rough edges is neither desirable nor livable. In this paper we argue for designing friction to enhance a more nuanced debate of smart cities in which conflicting values are better expressed. Based on our experiences with the Moral Design Game, an adversarial design activity, we came to understand the value of creating tangible vessels to highlight conflict and dipartite feelings surrounding smart cities.
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De Maatschappelijke Waarde van Fietsen Elektrische fietsen worden steeds populairder, zowel voor personen als voor vracht. Moderne e-bikes worden daarnaast steeds krachtiger waardoor de benodigde spierkracht ten opzichte van de elektromotor afneemt. Hiermee wordt het verschil tussen volledig elektrisch aangedreven voertuigen en e-(bak)fietsen steeds kleiner. Twee fietsfabrikanten, Van Raam en Nijland Cycling, krijgen regelmatig vragen over het ontwikkelen van voertuigen zonder trapaandrijving. Voor deze bedrijven, met een lange traditie in fietsenbouw, is het moeilijk inschatten in hoeverre een transitie naar 100% elektrisch zal doorzetten naast de markt voor fietsen met trapondersteuning. Vandaar dat men op zoek is naar de maatschappelijke meerwaarde, nu en in de toekomst, voor trapondersteuning, zowel voor personen als voor vrachtfietsen. Ontwikkeling en innovatie op een nieuw terrein (volledig elektrische aandrijving) kan interessant zijn, maar mocht blijken dat de huidige trend van het fietsen in de toekomst zal doorzetten, dan zullen deze bedrijven zich blijven richten op de doorontwikkeling van hun bestaande productlijnen. De verwachting is dat energieverbruik en gezondheid de meerwaarde voor fietsen zullen bepalen. Het doel van dit onderzoek is daarom om beter zicht te krijgen op de vraag wat de maatschappelijke waarde van fietsen is t.o.v. volledig elektrische aandrijving en wat dit betekent voor de fietsindustrie. De centrale vraag die zal worden beantwoord is: Hoe kan de maatschappelijke meerwaarde van fietsen (voor nu en de toekomst) worden bepaald en wat is dan de specifieke bijdrage van de spierkracht in ritten op een voertuig met trap-ondersteuning. Het resultaat is een eerste indicatie van de bijdrage van fietsers aan de energieprestatie en zullen aanbevelingen worden gedaan hoe een en ander kan worden vertaald naar gezondheidsclaims en andere maatschappelijke belangen. Deze zijn van belang bij het maken van een ontwerp voor een Maatschappelijke Kosten baten Analyse voor de fiets. (woorden samenvatting: 292; projectvoorstel: 1408 (t/m hoofdstuk 7))
Dutch Cycling Intelligence (DCI) embodies all Dutch cycling knowledge to enhances customer-oriented cycling policy. Based on the data-driven cycle policy enhancement tools and knowledge of the Breda University of Applied Sciences, DCI is the next step in creating a learning community between road authorities, consultants, cycling industry, and knowledge institutes with their students. The DCI consists of three pilars:- Connecting- Accelerating knowledge- Developing knowledgeConnecting There are many stakeholders and specialists in the cycling domain. Specialists with additional knowledge about socio-cultural impacts, geo-special knowledge, and technical traffic solutions. All of these specialists need each other to ensure a perfect balance between the (electric) bicycle, the cyclist and the cycle path in its environment. DCI connects and brings together all kind of different specialists.Accelerating knowledge Many bicycle innovations take place in so-called living labs. Within the living lab, the triple helix collaboration between road authorities the industry and knowledge institutes is key. Being actively involved in state-of-the-art innovations creates an inspiring work and learning environment for students and staff. A practical example of a successful living lab is the cycle superhighway F261 between Tilburg and Waalwijk, where BUAS tested new cycle route signage. Next, the Cycling Lab F58 is created, where the road authorities Breda and Tilburg opened up physical cycling infrastructure for entrepreneurs in the bicycle domain and knowledge institutes to develop e-cycling innovation. The living labs are test environments where pilots can be carried out in practice and an excellent environment for students to conduct scientifically applied research.Developing knowledge Ultimately, data and information must be translated into knowledge. With a team of specialists and partners Breda University of applied sciences developed knowledge and tools to monitor and evaluate cycling behavior. By participating in (inter)national research programs BUAS has become one of the frontrunners in data-driven cycle policy enhancement. In close collaboration with road authorities, knowledge institutes as well as consultants, new insights and answers are developed in an international context. By an active knowledge contribution to the network of the Dutch Cycling Embassy, BUAS aims to strengthen its position and add to the global sustainability challenges. Partners: Province Noord-Brabant, Province Utrecht, Vervoerregio Amsterdam, Dutch Cycling Embassy, Tour de Force, University of Amsterdam, Technical University Eindhoven, Technical University Delft, Utrecht University, DTV Capacity building, Dat.mobility, Goudappel Coffeng, Argaleo, Stratopo, Move.Mobility Clients:Province Noord-Brabant, Province Utrecht, Province Zuid-Holland, Tilburg, Breda, Tour de Force
E-cycling intelligence is a research project directly connected to the PhD-research of Joost de Kruijf at the Utrecht University. Within the program the effects of the introduction of e-bikes in daily commuting are being investigated. Using a large-scale incentive program targeting on behavioral change among car-oriented commuters the next four specific components are being :- Modal shift to e-cycling- Well-being and travel satisfaction of e-bikes vs. car- Weather circumstances and e-cycling- Behavioral intention to e-bike vs. actual behavior Using a combination of three surveys (baseline, one month and half a year) and continuous GPS-measurement on the behavior of more than 800 participants makes this research unique. In collaboration with the TU/e the GPS-dataset is being translated into relevant information on modal shift on different trip purposes offering a new range of possibilities to analyses behavioral change. Knowledge on every of the four topics in the project is translated scientific paper. The expected end of the project is July 2021.With the research not new insights are being gained, the Breda University of Applied Sciences also develops a scientific network of cycling related researchers together with a network of cycling engaged road authorities.
