Business model innovations emerge over time and are influenced by managerial interaction with stakeholders. Especially with regard to business model innovation for sustainability, manager-stakeholder interaction can radically change a company’s business model and underlying logic. However, the majority of the literature shows how manager–stakeholder interaction may limit business model innovation when stakeholders reinforce existing managerial cognitions. In this chapter we study how stakeholders can also stimulate business model innovation by affecting managerial cognitive change. Through three case studies, we find that this can occur through three shaping processes: market approach shaping, product/service offering shaping, and credibility shaping. We also find that the impact of new or latent stakeholders is greater than that of existing stakeholders. We end the chapter by sketching a research agenda to further unravel the role of stakeholders affecting managerial cognition around business model innovation for sustainability.
Background: On two Care Innovation Units in the Netherlands, staff, students and Lecturer Practitioners work intensively together to provide care, create a rich learning environment, and to foster innovation and research. In striving to advance the quality of care and to develop person centred cultures a preference is given to participative forms of research in which diverse experiences and different types of knowledge are valued. Aims and Objectives: The research described here had two overarching aims: the improvement of practice situations and the encouragement of the integration of work and learning. This article focuses on our actions and learning with respect to fostering participation during this project. Design and methods: Within the action research methodology used, participative work-forms and research methods were chosen. For example, a responsive approach to evaluation of practice, use of narratives and the stimulation and use of creativity to help in exploring and sharing feelings, values and different forms of knowledge. In this article we use Arnstein's ladder of citizen participation to frame our reflection on enabling participation within this project. Results Participation took various forms and vacillated throughout the project. In addition to particular facilitation strategies, four factors emerged as influential in enabling or inhibiting aspects of participation among stakeholders: individual motivations and interests, the make-up of and atmosphere within the group, and the time made available to engage in research activities. Conclusions Participation in research is both more complex and dynamic than Arnstein's typology suggests. Moving 'up' the ladder may not be appropriate as a goal in and of itself. Instead, meeting and responding to each other's situations, as stakeholders, seems a more appropriate focus. Taking responsibility, as facilitator, for certain research activities, can free other participants to focus on elements which interest them and from which they derive satisfaction.
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Even though citizen and patient engagement in health research has a long tradition, citizen science in health has only recently gained attention and recognition. However, at present, there is no clear overview of the specifics and challenges of citizen science initiatives in the health domain. Such an overview could contribute to highlighting and articulating the different needs of stakeholders engaged in any form of citizen science in the health domain. It may also encourage the input of citizens and patients alike in health research and innovation, policy, and practice. This paper reports on a survey developed by the European Citizen Science Association (ECSA)’s Working Group “Citizen Science for Health,” to highlight the perceived characteristics and enabling factors of citizen science in the health domain, and to formulate a direction for future work and research. The survey was available in six languages and was open between January and August 2022. The majority of the 254 respondents were from European countries, and the largest stakeholder respondent group was researchers. Respondents were asked about their perspectives on the particular characteristics of citizen science performed in health and biomedical research, as well as the challenges and opportunities it affords. Ethics, the complexity of the health domain, and the overlap in roles whereby the researcher is sometimes also the subject of research, were the main issues suggested as being specific to citizen science in health. The top two areas that respondents identified as in need of development were “balanced return on investment” and “ethics.” This publication discusses these and other conditions with references to current literature.
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The pace of technology advancements continues to accelerate, and impacts the nature of systems solutions along with significant effects on involved stakeholders and society. Design and engineering practices with tools and perspectives, need therefore to evolve in accordance to the developments that complex, sociotechnical innovation challenges pose. There is a need for engineers and designers that can utilize fitting methods and tools to fulfill the role of a changemaker. Recognized successful practices include interdisciplinary methods that allow for effective and better contextualized participatory design approaches. However, preliminary research identified challenges in understanding what makes a specific method effective and successfully contextualized in practice, and what key competences are needed for involved designers and engineers to understand and adopt these interdisciplinary methods. In this proposal, case study research is proposed with practitioners to gain insight into what are the key enabling factors for effective interdisciplinary participatory design methods and tools in the specific context of sociotechnical innovation. The involved companies are operating at the intersection between design, technology and societal impact, employing experts who can be considered changemakers, since they are in the lead of creative processes that bring together diverse groups of stakeholders in the process of sociotechnical innovation. A methodology will be developed to capture best practices and understand what makes the deployed methods effective. This methodology and a set of design guidelines for effective interdisciplinary participatory design will be delivered. In turn this will serve as a starting point for a larger design science research project, in which an educational toolkit for effective participatory design for socio-technical innovation will be designed.
Building Blocks for Liveable Neighbourhoods. Four suburbs in the province of Noord-Brabant are case-studies for a new method of urban development. Participation and scenario's are the starting point. The tools for local stakeholders to (literally) shape their own future environment are the end result.Societal issue: Gap between the plannend world and the daily life in city neighbourhoods. People are eager to take responsibility for their living environment but have no tools or knowledge to do it.Benefit to society: The method developed in this design research project enables the different stakeholders to connect, align and be effective in shaping their common future living environment.
Dit project richt zich op het in kaart brengen van de rol van servicedesignbureaus in het versnellen van de transformaties die nodig zijn om de problemen in Nederlandse stedelijke kernen aan te pakken. De creatieve industrie is bij uitstek in staat oplossingen voor stedelijke kernen te ontwikkelen en in dit project onderzoeken hoe zij met Key Enabling Methodologies bezoekersbelevingen in steden kunnen orkestreren en ontwerpen. Zij ondersteunen hierbij niet alleen individuele retail- en cultuurorganisaties in hun functie, maar dragen daarbij ook bij aan het oplossen van meer algemene problematiek van stedelijke kernen, zoals leegstand en verminderde leefbaarheid. We richten ons in het bijzonder op: 1) De rol van servicedesign in de orkestratie en vormgeven van een gezamenlijke bezoekersbeleving van cultuur- en retailorganisaties om de kwaliteit en leefbaarheid van stedelijke gebieden en de noodzakelijke innovatie te realiseren. 2) Verkennen en uitwerken van passende sleutelmethodologieën (KEM’s) om deze orkestratie en vormgeving en samen met stakeholders (in het bijzonder retail en cultuur) uit te voeren. 3) Opbouwen van het consortium voor een SIA-RAAK-aanvraag. Dit project levert een set van ontwerpeisen om servicedesignbureaus optimaal in staat te stellen de gezamenlijke orkestratie van de bezoekersbeleving van cultuur- en retailinstellingen vorm te geven. Tegelijkertijd brengt het project in kaart hoe een innovatie-ecosysteem waarin cultuur en retail samenwerken met servicedesignbureaus gestructureerd kan zijn. Dit project vormt de opmaat naar een SIA-RAAK-aanvraag met dezelfde of vergelijkbare stakeholders. De deliverables van het project zijn: 1. Visualisatie en rapport met overzicht van KEM’s en de toegevoegde waarde. 2. Visueel overzicht verschillende soorten stakeholders, belangen en posities in het winkelgebied voor een drietal binnenstedelijke gebieden. 3. Visualisatie van het orkestratie proces en de benodigde KEM’S 4. Toolkit cultuur/retail: methodieken en tools voor samenwerking cultuur en retail in winkelgebied 5. Verslag van kick-off en vraagarticulatieproces 6. Concept RAAK-aanvraag 7. Blog op platformdenieuwewinkelstraat.nl
