In a rapidly developing labor market, in which some parts of jobs disappear and new parts appear due to technological developments, companies are struggling with defining future-proof job qualifications and describing job profiles that fit the organization’s needs. This is even more applicable to smaller companies with new types of work because they often grow rapidly and cannot hire graduates from existing study programs. In this research project, we undertook in-depth, qualitative research into the five roles of a new profession: social media architect. It has become clear which 21st century skills and motivations are important per role and, above all, how they differ in subcategory and are interpreted by a full-service team in their working methods, in a labor market context, and in the talents of the professional themselves. In a workshop, these “skills” were supplemented through a design-based approach and visualized per team role in flexibly applicable recruitment cards. This research project serves as an example of how to co-create innovative job profiles for the changing labor market. Ellen Sjoer, Petra Biemans. “A design-based (pre)recruitment approach for new professions: defining futureproof job profiles.” Információs Társadalom XX, no. 2 (2020): 84–100. https://dx.doi.org/10.22503/inftars.XX.2020.2.6
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Recently, the job market for Artificial Intelligence (AI) engineers has exploded. Since the role of AI engineer is relatively new, limited research has been done on the requirements as set by the industry. Moreover, the definition of an AI engineer is less established than for a data scientist or a software engineer. In this study we explore, based on job ads, the requirements from the job market for the position of AI engineer in The Netherlands. We retrieved job ad data between April 2018 and April 2021 from a large job ad database, Jobfeed from TextKernel. The job ads were selected with a process similar to the selection of primary studies in a literature review. We characterize the 367 resulting job ads based on meta-data such as publication date, industry/sector, educational background and job titles. To answer our research questions we have further coded 125 job ads manually. The job tasks of AI engineers are concentrated in five categories: business understanding, data engineering, modeling, software development and operations engineering. Companies ask for AI engineers with different profiles: 1) data science engineer with focus on modeling, 2) AI software engineer with focus on software development , 3) generalist AI engineer with focus on both models and software. Furthermore, we present the tools and technologies mentioned in the selected job ads, and the soft skills. Our research helps to understand the expectations companies have for professionals building AI-enabled systems. Understanding these expectations is crucial both for prospective AI engineers and educational institutions in charge of training those prospective engineers. Our research also helps to better define the profession of AI engineering. We do this by proposing an extended AI engineering life-cycle that includes a business understanding phase.
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This article analyzis two Dutch experiments in which the government guarantees a job to tackle long-term unemployment. The experiment with the Melkert jobs was carried out in the 1990s. Recently the municipality of Groningen implemented a project in which long-term unemployed people are offered a so-called basic job. The research results of this project demonstrate that the target group can do productive work on a regular basis and that basic jobs have a net positive social added value based on a Social Cost Benefit Analysis (SCBA).In this article we also pay attention to the recent academic debate betweenan unconditional basic income (BIG) and a job guarantee (JG).
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Een van de meest populaire modellen voor onderzoek naar welzijn, stress en bevlogenheid van medewerkers is het Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R model). Voor onderzoek naar het welzijn van studenten heeft het lectoraat Studiesucces het Student Wellbeing model ontwikkeld, een model gebaseerd op het JD-R model. Het Student Wellbeing model beschrijft net als het JD-R model een motivatieproces en een uitputtingsproces, maar dan van studenten. Het model veronderstelt dat de balans tussen positieve (energiebronnen) en negatieve (stressoren) kenmerken van ‘het student zijn/de studententijd’ invloed heeft op het welzijn van studenten en o.a. de studieprestaties kan beïnvloeden.
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This study was explorative and aimed at in-depth understanding of personal resources students use to reach success, in the demanding context of honours education.Becoming successful in higher education demands a lot from students. Considering the Job Demands-Resources model it is expected that personal resources help students succeed. We explore which personal resources benefit students’ performance in demanding contexts of honours education. Using a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, we asked thirteen honours students of three institutions which personal resources had helped them to achieve success. Results suggest that honours students use different personal resources. Most frequently mentioned resources could be grouped around five themes: self-directiveness, inquiry-mindedness, perseverance, social involvement and motivation. Especially resources in the themes self-directiveness, inquiry-mindedness and perseverance were perceived as important facilitators for educational success. The outcomes may inform interventions to help students develop personal resources needed to handle high educational demands. Further research is needed to identify the most effective interventions.
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The world needs more jobs to meet United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 8 and to keep up with expected population growth. Policymakers stimulate start-ups due to their expected job-generating effect. Despite the increased number of solo self-employed, percentages on graduation from small to larger enterprises are low. This study focuses on entrepreneurs who create jobs, and have passed ‘the one-employee threshold’. What are the considerations of the solo self-employed when making the decision to hire their first employee? 27 Interviews were conducted with entrepreneurs in developed and developing countries. The analysis shows that solo self-employed have considerations about time, skills, trust and opportunities when hiring their first employee. The study finds evidence of effectual behaviour. Trust is important: trust in others (the first employee) and trust in yourself (becoming an employer). To stimulate job creation, policymakers should stimulate effectual behavior that enhances the self-efficacy of the solo self-employed. This is a draft chapter/article. The final version is available in Unlocking Regional Innovation and Entrepreneurship edited by Iréne Bernhard, PhD, Urban Gråsjö, PhD, School of Business, Economics and IT, University West and Charlie Karlsson, Professor Emeritus, Jönköping University and Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden, published in 2021, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800371248
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- Job control both Deaf and hearing are satisfied with amount of job control - Job demands both Deaf and hearing find that they can meet the jobs demands - Job strain both Deaf and hearing experience stress from time pressure and work planning issues - Language use is not a strain factor - Access to information is felt to be sufficient, although the information streams are different for Deaf and hearing employees - Deaf employees receive much information from their deaf colleagues - Hearing employees receive much information from their hearing colleagues
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The European games, animation and VFX industries, along with related educational institutions, are shifting towards sustainable practices due to growing awareness of workforce well-being, however, layoffs and increased interest in these fields has intensified competition in an already saturated job market. This has created contradictory expectations for prospective employees: the ideal employee, an adaptable team player, team-fit, with strong interpersonal skills; but also the ideal applicant, characterised as standout, highly skilled, competitive, and self-promoting. Using Study Demands-Resource Theory, this study examined how educational institutions and emerging talents navigate these contradicting demands. Thematic analyses highlighted the extreme nature of the overall industry, job market and academic demands placed on students, as well as how peer support, messages of reassurance, and well-meant advice can be both resources and stressors. Educational experts and students face critical decisions with significant implications for well-being and career prospects.
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The European games, animation and VFX industries, along with related educational institutions, are shifting towards sustainable practices due to growing awareness of workforce well-being, however, layoffs and increased interest in these fields has intensified competition in an already saturated job market. This has created contradictory expectations for prospective employees: the ideal employee, an adaptable team player, team-fit, with strong interpersonal skills; but also the ideal applicant, characterised as standout, highly skilled, competitive, and self-promoting. Using Study Demands-Resource Theory, this study examined how educational institutions and emerging talents navigate these contradicting demands. Thematic analyses highlighted the extreme nature of the overall industry, job market and academic demands placed on students, as well as how peer support, messages of reassurance, and well-meant advice can be both resources and stressors. Educational experts and students face critical decisions with significant implications for well-being and career prospects.
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