In this study, we compared the impact of audio-, video-, and text-chat interaction on target language use during online learner-learner interaction and on learner affect amongst adolescent learners of German as a foreign language. Repeated measures and ANOVA analyses revealed a high percentage of target language output in all conditions for all four tasks, especially in text- chat. Audio-chatters produced the most output and used the most meaning negotiation, compensation strategies, self-repair and other-repair strategies. Learners in all conditions gained in enjoyment, willingness to communicate and self-efficacy. Anxiety reduced for text-chatters. Task effects partly determined the quantity of L2 output, while condition effects determined meaning-oriented and form-focused processing.
MULTIFILE
This is a tool that you can use when designing and delivering (online) active learning. The tool will help you find answers to questions such as: − Which learning activities can I offer students in order to achieve a specific learning objective? − Is there an optimum order for learning activities? − How do I ensure that students become actively involved in their own learning process?
The content in this document is the result of a two-year project on blended learning in the initial teacher training programme of INHOLLAND University for Professional Education. Research and design of innovative learning practices was conducted by the INHOLLAND Centre for eLearning. This document offers a conversational framework for further discussion on (re-)design of learning practices based on blended learning and should not be regarded as a scientific article. Underlying research reports and articles on the subject are available through the Centre for e-learning.
