Parents who grew up without digital monitoring have a plethora of parental monitoring opportunities at their disposal. While they can engage in surveillance practices to safeguard their children, they also have to balance freedom against control. This research is based on in-depth interviews with eleven early adolescents and eleven parents to investigate everyday negotiations of parental monitoring. Parental monitoring is presented as a form of lateral surveillance because it entails parents engaging in surveillance practices to monitor their children. The results indicate that some parents are motivated to use digital monitoring tools to safeguard and guide their children, while others refrain from surveillance practices to prioritise freedom and trust. The most common forms of surveillance are location tracking and the monitoring of digital behaviour and screen time. Moreover, we provide unique insights into the use of student tracking systems as an impactful form of control. Early adolescents negotiate these parental monitoring practices, with responses ranging from acceptance to active forms of resistance. Some children also monitor their parents, showcasing a reciprocal form of lateral surveillance. In all families, monitoring practices are negotiated in open conversations that also foster digital resilience. This study shows that the concepts of parental monitoring and lateral surveillance fall short in grasping the reciprocal character of monitoring and the power dynamics in parent-child relations. We therefore propose that monitoring practices in families can best be understood as family surveillance, providing a novel concept to understand how surveillance is embedded in contemporary media practices among interconnected family members.
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Understanding graphs representing dynamic events is a challenge for many students at all levels. And technological tools can provide support in overcoming some of these difficulties. In our research we developed a digital tool that enables students to create, modify and improve graphs from dynamic events using interactive animations and intrinsic feedback. In order to get insight about why the tool helped (or not), the students we conducted a qualitative study in which we interviewed nine students who used the tool. The results offer insight in students’ learning and thinking about dynamic graphs and how digital feedback can afford that. These results are useful for researchers, developers and teachers.
This paper aims to present a systematic literature review on state-of-the-art Educational Escape Rooms (EERs) with the use of digital technologies. More specifically, the focus of the study is to present the current developments and trends concerning Digital Educational Escape Rooms (DEERs) and investigate how they foster learning outcomes for online learners. Additionally, the present study provides insights into the design process of such technology enhanced EERs. This review is attributed to identifying and covering research gaps since the current literature has focused on the pedagogical aspects of Escape Rooms (ERs) in education, but no studies seem to have been conducted in regard to the pedagogical implications of Digital Escape Rooms (DERs) in educational environments. Based on the exhaustive literature review, an agenda for future research is promised and the implications for designing innovative ER approaches have been highlighted. The anatomy of the fundamental components of conducting systematic literature reviews was followed. The results of the review could be addressed to multidisciplinary teams related to education, game researchers, educational researchers, faculty members, scholars, instructors, and protagonists of educational systems to encourage them to thoroughly study the core elements of DEERs and how they can be applied in virtual educational contexts to facilitate students’ learning achievements.
Leerkrachten in Friese basisscholen zoeken naar goede strategieën om meertaligheid te erkennen en effectief in te zetten. Waar het onderwijs tot nu toe twee- en drietalig was (Fries, Nederlands en Engels), hebben leerkrachten nu in toenemende mate te maken met anderstalige migrantenleerlingen. Leerkrachten willen met deze strategieën antwoorden vinden op twee problemen. Ten eerste ervaren ze problemen in de omgang met migrantentalen: ze geven aan dat ze migrantentalen niet willen negeren, maar waarderen en gebruiken vinden ze moeilijk. Ten tweede willen leerkrachten de kwaliteit van het twee- of drietalige basisonderwijs waarin sprake is van taalscheiding, verbeteren. Er wordt per dag of in het Fries, of in het Nederlands of in het Engels onderwezen en geleerd. Men verwacht dat het verbinden van talen hogere resultaten opbrengt. Dit wordt ondersteund door wetenschappelijk onderzoek. Vierentwintig leerkrachten op twaalf basisscholen willen een innovatieve aanpak voor meertalig onderwijs ontwikkelen, die zowel een kader biedt voor de waardering en het gebruik van migrantentalen, als voor een samenhangend gebruik van het Nederlands, het Fries en het Engels in de scholen. Dat geheel vormt de basis van het project Meer kansen Met Meertaligheid (3M). Wetenschappelijk onderzoek levert gevalideerde benaderingen op die moeten worden uitgebreid, gecombineerd en toegesneden op de eigen schoolsituatie om voor de leerkrachten van nut te kunnen zijn. Het 3M-project richt zich op het samen ontwikkelen (d.m.v. ontwikkelingsonderzoek), uitproberen en evalueren van een nieuwe aanpak en nieuwe didactische tools voor meertalig onderwijs (d.m.v. interventieonderzoek). Alle ontwikkelde tools worden in een digitale 3M-Toolbox ondergebracht, die beschikbaar gesteld zal worden aan alle scholen. In de derde plaats vindt een flankerend effect-onderzoek naar (taal)attitudes plaats. In dit project beoogt het consortium een innovatieve kwaliteitsimpuls aan het meertalig basisonderwijs te geven, niet alleen in Fryslân, maar in heel Nederland.
The focus of this project is on improving the resilience of hospitality Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) by enabling them to take advantage of digitalization tools and data analytics in particular. Hospitality SMEs play an important role in their local community but are vulnerable to shifts in demand. Due to a lack of resources (time, finance, and sometimes knowledge), they do not have sufficient access to data analytics tools that are typically available to larger organizations. The purpose of this project is therefore to develop a prototype infrastructure or ecosystem showcasing how Dutch hospitality SMEs can develop their data analytic capability in such a way that they increase their resilience to shifts in demand. The one year exploration period will be used to assess the feasibility of such an infrastructure and will address technological aspects (e.g. kind of technological platform), process aspects (e.g. prerequisites for collaboration such as confidentiality and safety of data), knowledge aspects (e.g. what knowledge of data analytics do SMEs need and through what medium), and organizational aspects (what kind of cooperation form is necessary and how should it be financed).
Many lithographically created optical components, such as photonic crystals, require the creation of periodically repeated structures [1]. The optical properties depend critically on the consistency of the shape and periodicity of the repeated structure. At the same time, the structure and its period may be similar to, or substantially below that of the optical diffraction limit, making inspection with optical microscopy difficult. Inspection tools must be able to scan an entire wafer (300 mm diameter), and identify wafers that fail to meet specifications rapidly. However, high resolution, and high throughput are often difficult to achieve simultaneously, and a compromise must be made. TeraNova is developing an optical inspection tool that can rapidly image features on wafers. Their product relies on (a) knowledge of what the features should be, and (b) a detailed and accurate model of light diffraction from the wafer surface. This combination allows deviations from features to be identified by modifying the model of the surface features until the calculated diffraction pattern matches the observed pattern. This form of microscopy—known as Fourier microscopy—has the potential to be very rapid and highly accurate. However, the solver, which calculates the wafer features from the diffraction pattern, must be very rapid and precise. To achieve this, a hardware solver will be implemented. The hardware solver must be combined with mechatronic tracking of the absolute wafer position, requiring the automatic identification of fiduciary markers. Finally, the problem of computer obsolescence in instrumentation (resulting in security weaknesses) will also be addressed by combining the digital hardware and software into a system-on-a-chip (SoC) to provide a powerful, yet secure operating environment for the microscope software.
