The authors demonstrate how simulation games can be used to test and explore initial infrastructure designs before they are implemented. Games can provide important learning experiences for (future) designers and managers. The case study of a computer-supported simulation game, SIM Maasvlakte 2 (SIM MV2), uses a game whose object is to design and allocate land for the Maasvlakte 2 port area, to be built between 2006 and 2036 in the Port of Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The evaluation aimed at improving the game, examining the system complexity of the seaport, and establishing corresponding learning effects among the participants.
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The serious games industry needs game engines, or frameworks, that have been developed specifically with this sector in mind. This paper discusses the criteria that such engines need to adhere to in order to support viable solutions. These criteria are illustrated on the basis of SimPort, a novel multiplayer management game framework. SimPort has shown to be very powerful, functional and easy to use in the development of MV2, a game module simulating a major expansion project, the Maasvlakte 2 area, of the Port of Rotterdam in the Netherlands [8]. In addition, from MV2 real-life usage so far, players and tutors have concluded that this game is not only rather educational, but also a lot of fun to play.
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The Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) Challenge simulation platform helps planners and stakeholders understand and manage the complexity of MSP. In the interactive simulation, different data layers covering an entire sea region can be viewed to make an assessment of the current status. Users can create scenarios for future uses of the marine space over a period of several decades. Changes in energy infrastructure, shipping, and the marine environment are then simulated, and the effects are visualized using indicators and heat maps. The platform is built with advanced game technology and uses aspects of role-play to create interactive sessions; it can thus be referred to as serious gaming. To calculate and visualize the effects of planning decisions on the marine ecology, we integrated the Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) food web modeling approach into the platform. We demonstrate how EwE was connected to MSP, considering the range of constraints imposed by running scientific software in interactive serious gaming sessions while still providing cascading ecological feedback in response to planning actions. We explored the connection by adapting two published ecological models for use in MSP sessions. We conclude with lessons learned and identify future developments of the simulation platform.
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From the article : "Based on a review of recent literature, this paper addresses the question of how urban planners can steer urban environmental quality, given the fact that it ismultidimensional in character, is assessed largely in subjective terms and varies across time. A novel perspective of urban environmental quality is proposed, simultaneously exploring three questions that are at the core of planning and designing cities: ‘quality of what?’, ‘quality for whom?’ and ‘quality at what time?’. The dilemmas that urban planners face in answering these questions are illustrated using secondary material. This approach provides perspectives for action. Rather than further detailing the exact nature of urban quality, it calls for sustainable urban environmental quality planning that is integrated, participative and adaptive" ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ) DOI: 10.1002/eet.1759 - Preprint available for free download.
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from the article: Abstract Based on a review of recent literature, this paper addresses the question of how urban planners can steer urban environmental quality, given the fact that it is multidimensional in character, is assessed largely in subjective terms and varies across time. The paper explores three questions that are at the core of planning and designing cities: ‘quality of what?’, ‘quality for whom?’ and ‘quality at what time?’ and illustrates the dilemmas that urban planners face in answering these questions. The three questions provide a novel framework that offers urban planners perspectives for action in finding their way out of the dilemmas identified. Rather than further detailing the exact nature of urban quality, these perspectives call for an approach to urban planning that is integrated, participative and adaptive. ; ; sustainable urban development; trade-offs; quality dimensions
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The authors present the design of the shipping simulation SEL and its integration in the MSP Challenge Simulation Platform. This platform is designed to give policymakers and planners insight into the complexity of Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) and can be used for interactive planning support. It uses advanced game technology to link real geo- and marine data with simulations for ecology, energy and shipping. The shipping sector is an important economic sector with influential stakeholders. SEL calculates the (future) impact of MSP decisions on shipping routes. This is dynamically shown in key performance indicators (e.g. route efficiencies) and visualised in heat maps of ship traffic. SEL uses a heuristic-based graph-searching algorithm to find paths from one port to another during each simulated month. The performance of SEL was tested for three sea basins: the firth of Clyde, Scotland (smallest), North Sea (with limited data) and Baltic Sea regions (largest, with most complete data). The behaviour of the model is stable and valid. SEL takes between 4 and 17 seconds to generate the desired monthly output. Experiences in 20 sessions with 302 planners, stakeholders and students indicate that SEL is a valuable addition to MSP Challenge, and thereby to MSP.
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Uit het rapport: "De afgelopen jaren is onderzoek gedaan naar nieuwe concepten voor bouwlogistiek en bij negen proeftuinen in binnenstedelijk gebied is aangetoond dat hier forse winst is te behalen in termen van besparingen op logistieke kosten en bouwtijd, betere doorstroming, minder schadelijke uitstoot en minder hinder voor de omgeving. Zo bleek het mogelijk om het aantal binnenstedelijke ritten van en naar de bouwplaats met zo’n vijftig tot tachtig procent terug te brengen. Voor goede bouwlogistiek is afstemming en medewerking binnen de keten cruciaal. Alle spelers dienen tijdig betrokken te zijn. Bouwlogistiek bestaat uit allerlei maatregelen die effect hebben op het transport en op het bouwproces. Door te meten en te monitoren zijn de effecten van verschillende maatregelen in het onderzoek aangetoond en nieuwe inzichten en lessons learned opgedaan die worden meegenomen in volgende bouwprojecten. In totaal zijn negen proeftuinen begeleid, waarvan er bij drie uitgebreide gegevens zijn verzameld en ook besparingen aangetoond. Bij de andere proeftuinen zijn vooral kwalitatief lessons learned opgedaan. Bij het Voorzetgebouw/Paviljoen van VolkerWessels Bouwmaterieel is 50% ritten in de afbouwfase bespaard, bij het Noordgebouw van Dura Vermeer 65% in ritten in de afbouwfase en bij het Mariskwartier van Van Wijnen is 80% in ritten in de ruwbouwfase bespaard. Andere proeftuinen hebben laten zien dat het meten en monitoren van bouwlogistiek niet altijd eenvoudig is en het invoeren van bouwlogistiek zelf al lastig genoeg is. Vragen die opdoemen zijn: wie bepaalt of en zo ja welke maatregelen op de bouwplaats worden toegepast, de directie of de hoofduitvoerder en wie bepaalt hoe producten worden ingekocht, is dat op laagste prijs of wordt logistiek ook meegenomen. Allemaal vragen die van groot belang zijn voor een efficiënte logistiek van, op en naar de bouwplaats. Daarnaast leeft de vraag welke rol de gemeente gaat spelen; of zij bepaalde logistieke werkwijzen gaan verplichten bijvoorbeeld via aanbestedingen? Een andere belangrijke vraag is wie er opdraait voor de eventuele kosten van de bouwlogistieke maatregelen. Dit rapport geeft hier antwoord op. Verder komen de ontwikkelingen rond ketenregie, BIM en ICT aan bod. Ketenregie over alle vervoersstromen gekoppeld aan het bouwproces, en over alle partijen van producent tot op de bouwplaats, staat of valt met de juiste ondersteunende ICT-middelen. Daarin speelt de beoogde 4C Control Tower een cruciale rol in planning en besturing op strategisch, tactisch en operationeel niveau. Er blijkt nog een flinke ontwikkelingsslag nodig om BIM geschikt te maken voor bouwlogistieke planning en besturing. Daarnaast is gekeken naar betrouwbare dataregistratie in het bouwlogistieke proces door een pilot waarin nieuwe technologieën gebaseerd op Internet of Things (IoT) een oplossing bieden. Eigenlijk is er geen enkele reden om niet nu al met bouwlogistiek te beginnen, al is het maar in het klein met eenvoudige maatregelen. Zorg dat tijdig in het proces alle partijen erbij betrokken worden, van architect tot vakkracht op de bouwplaats, zorg voor draagvlak in het hele team. Dan zijn de drie proeftuinen met de mooie besparingen straks geen uitzondering meer maar regel."
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For many EU citizens, working across the border is the only way to make a living in the EU. The battle for cheap labour has now become a well-oiled machine, in which almost all Western European countries participate. Nevertheless, the employment situation of EU Mobile Citizens, workers of low-skilled and -paid jobs, is often substandard. Challenges are housing, health care and working conditions. In addition, due to the lack of registration in municipalities, it is impossible to have an overview of the numbers and to offer effective help. This is a problem in small to medium-sized cities, where many workers live to work in agriculture, transport, construction, meat industry and logistics. For this study, 32 interviews were conducted in eleven small to medium-sized towns (SMSTs) in Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Poland, and Spain. The study uses three different perspectives: EU representatives of participating regions, municipalities, and employers. The outcomes show that most SMSTs deal with a shortage of housing, and a lack of grip on the registration process of EU citizens. Although there are some success stories, most SMSTs are not in touch with each other to share these. The paper concludes with proposals for further action-research and collaborations to impact local policies.
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Purpose/Objective: Most dose-escalation trials in glioblastoma patients integrate the escalated dose throughout the standard course by targeting a specific subvolume. We hypothesize that anatomical changes during irradiation may affect the dose coverage of this subvolume for both proton- and photon-based radiotherapy. Material and Methods: For 24 glioblastoma patients a photon- and proton-based dose escalation treatment plan (of 75 Gy/30 fr) was simulated on the dedicated radiotherapy planning MRI obtained before treatment. The escalated dose was planned to cover the resection cavity and/or contrast enhancing lesion on the T1w post-gadolinium MRI sequence. To analyze the effect of anatomical changes during treatment, we evaluated on an additional MRI that was obtained during treatment the changes of the dose distribution on this specific high dose region. Results: The median time between the planning MRI and additional MRI was 26 days (range 16–37 days). The median time between the planning MRI and start of radiotherapy was relatively short (7 days, range 3–11 days). In 3 patients (12.5%) changes were observed which resulted in a substantial deterioration of both the photon and proton treatment plans. All these patients underwent a subtotal resection, and a decrease in dose coverage of more than 5% and 10% was observed for the photon- and proton-based treatment plans, respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed that only for a limited number of patients anatomical changes during photon or proton based radiotherapy resulted in a potentially clinically relevant underdosage in the subvolume. Therefore, volume changes during treatment are unlikely to be responsible for the negative outcome of dose-escalation studies.
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Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are more sedentary compared with the general population, but contemporary cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes do not specifically target sedentary behaviour (SB). We developed a 12-week, hybrid (centre-based+home-based) Sedentary behaviour IntervenTion as a personaLisEd Secondary prevention Strategy (SIT LESS). The SIT LESS programme is tailored to the needs of patients with CAD, using evidence-based behavioural change methods and an activity tracker connected to an online dashboard to enable self-monitoring and remote coaching. Following the intervention mapping principles, we first identified determinants of SB from literature to adapt theory-based methods and practical applications to target SB and then evaluated the intervention in advisory board meetings with patients and nurse specialists. This resulted in four core components of SIT LESS: (1) patient education, (2) goal setting, (3) motivational interviewing with coping planning, and (4) (tele)monitoring using a pocket-worn activity tracker connected to a smartphone application and providing vibrotactile feedback after prolonged sedentary bouts. We hypothesise that adding SIT LESS to contemporary CR will reduce SB in patients with CAD to a greater extent compared with usual care. Therefore, 212 patients with CAD will be recruited from two Dutch hospitals and randomised to CR (control) or CR+SIT LESS (intervention). Patients will be assessed prior to, immediately after and 3 months after CR. The primary comparison relates to the pre-CR versus post-CR difference in SB (objectively assessed in min/day) between the control and intervention groups. Secondary outcomes include between-group differences in SB characteristics (eg, number of sedentary bouts); change in SB 3 months after CR; changes in light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity; quality of life; and patients’ competencies for self-management. Outcomes of the SIT LESS randomised clinical trial will provide novel insight into the effectiveness of a structured, hybrid and personalised behaviour change intervention to attenuate SB in patients with CAD participating in CR.
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